senescent

GLF16 HCl is a fluorophore-coupled Sudan Black B analog that allows rapid detection, isolation and real-time tracking of senescent cells by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.

SSK1 is a compound that selectively kills senescent cells and is a precursor for β-galactosidase, which can reduce the inflammatory response of the body. SSK1 can activate the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and MKK3 MKK6 in senescent cells, and promote mitochondrial DNA damage in senescent cells.

BRD4770, a histone methyltransferase G9a inhibitor, induces cell senescence.

BRD-K56819078, a Bcl-2 inhibitor, significantly reduces the burden of senescent cells and the mRNA expression of aging-related genes in the kidneys. It exerts its anti-aging effects by inhibiting cell apoptosis (apoptosis).

BRD-K20733377 is a Bcl-2 inhibitor that exhibits selective cytotoxicity toward senescent cells, specifically inhibiting the activity of etoposide-induced senescent IMR-90 cells with an IC50 of 10.7 μM. Additionally, BRD-K20733377 reduces the mRNA expression of aging-related genes p16, p21, and KI67 in aged mouse models.

GL392 is a senolytic agent that delivers the potent senescence-clearing compound Dasatinib specifically to senescent cells. By targeting the LBD domain, it binds lipofuscin in these cells and releases Dasatinib via an ester linkage, inducing apoptosis (Apoptosis) in senescent cells. Additionally, GL392 is encapsulated in PEO-b-PCL microcapsules to ensure efficient intracellular delivery while minimizing systemic toxicity. GL392 is applicable in cancer research.

Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide with anti-aging properties.1,2,3,4 Dietary administration of epitalon (0.00001% w w) reduces levels of lipid peroxidation products in aged D. melanogaster tissue homogenates.1 Epitalon (1 μg animal) delays age-related estrous shutdown and decreases the frequency of bone marrow cell chromosomal aberrations in female mice.2 It decreases spontaneous mammary gland and ovarian tumor development and metastasis in aged female mice.3 Epitalon also stimulates melatonin synthesis and normalizes the circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion in senescent female M. mulatta monkeys.4References1. Khavinson, V.K., and Myl'nikov, S.V. Effect of epithalone on the age-specific changes in the time course of lipid peroxidation in Drosophila melanogaster. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 130(11), 1116-1119 (2000).2. Anisimov, V.N., Khavinson, V.K., Popovich, I.G., et al. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology 4(4), 193-202 (2003).3. Kossoy, G., Anisimov, V.N., Ben-Hur, H., et al. Effect of the synthetic pineal peptide epitalon on spontaneous carcinogenesis in female C3H He mice. In Vivo 20(2), 253-257 (2006).4. Khavinson, V., Goncharova, N., and Lapin, B. Synthetic tetrapeptide epitalon restores disturbed neuroendocrine regulation in senescent monkeys. Neuro. Endocrinol. Lett. 22(4), 251-254 (2001). Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide with anti-aging properties.1,2,3,4 Dietary administration of epitalon (0.00001% w w) reduces levels of lipid peroxidation products in aged D. melanogaster tissue homogenates.1 Epitalon (1 μg animal) delays age-related estrous shutdown and decreases the frequency of bone marrow cell chromosomal aberrations in female mice.2 It decreases spontaneous mammary gland and ovarian tumor development and metastasis in aged female mice.3 Epitalon also stimulates melatonin synthesis and normalizes the circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion in senescent female M. mulatta monkeys.4 References1. Khavinson, V.K., and Myl'nikov, S.V. Effect of epithalone on the age-specific changes in the time course of lipid peroxidation in Drosophila melanogaster. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 130(11), 1116-1119 (2000).2. Anisimov, V.N., Khavinson, V.K., Popovich, I.G., et al. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology 4(4), 193-202 (2003).3. Kossoy, G., Anisimov, V.N., Ben-Hur, H., et al. Effect of the synthetic pineal peptide epitalon on spontaneous carcinogenesis in female C3H He mice. In Vivo 20(2), 253-257 (2006).4. Khavinson, V., Goncharova, N., and Lapin, B. Synthetic tetrapeptide epitalon restores disturbed neuroendocrine regulation in senescent monkeys. Neuro. Endocrinol. Lett. 22(4), 251-254 (2001).

BM-1244 is a potent Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 inhibitor with Kis of 134 and 450 nM for Bcl- xL and Bcl-2, respectively. BM-1244 inhibits senescent fibroblasts (SnCs) with an EC50 of 5 nM[1].

Resolvin E4 (RvE4) is a member of the specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) family of bioactive lipids.1It is produced from eicosapentaenoic acid by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO)via15(S)-HpEPE and 15S-hydroxy, 5S-HpEPE intermediatesin vitroand by isolated human M2 macrophages or polymorphonuclear (PMN) neutrophils under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. RvE4 synthesis is enhanced in M2 macrophage and neutrophil co-cultures, indicating transcellular biosynthesis by a potential 15-LO and 5-LO mechanism. It has been found in mouse inflammatory exudates. RvE4 (10 nM) increases efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils or senescent red blood cells (sRBCs) by human M2 macrophages under hypoxic conditionsin vitro. Intraperitoneal administration of RvE4 (100 ng/animal) inhibits increases in inflammatory exudate neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of hemorrhagic peritonitis induced by zymosan A and thrombin. It also increases inflammatory exudate macrophage infiltration and efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils and/or RBCs in the same model. 1.Norris, P.C., Libreros, S., and Serhan, C.N.Resolution metabolomes activated by hypoxic environmentSci. Adv.5(10)eaax4895(2019)

BRD9539 is an inhibitor of euchromatin histone methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2), also known as G9a, with an IC50 value of 6.3 μM

UBX1325, a Bcl-xL inhibitor, enhances apoptosis in senescent cells, serving as an effective anti-aging agent. It holds potential for age-related eye disease research, including diabetic macular oedema (DME), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) [1].

FOXO4-DRI, a cell-permeable peptide antagonist, inhibits the interaction between FOXO4 and p53. It functions as a senolytic peptide, promoting apoptosis in senescent cells [1].

Anti-aging agent 1 (compound 24), a piperlongumine (PL) derivative, demonstrates a significant enhancement in senolytic activity, being 50 times more effective against senescent WI-38 fibroblasts than PL [1].