processes

HJC0197 selectively blocks cAMP-induced Epac activation. HJC0197 is an effective exchange protein. Which straightly activated by cAMP (Epac) antagonist (IC50=5.9 μM for Epac2).

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent type of anti-tumor drug, and its main target is DNA. Cyclophosphamide inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells by undergoing alkylation reactions with DNA, interfering with the replication and transcription processes of DNA.

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) provides cellular energy, participates in overall energy balance, and maintains intracellular homeostasis. ATP can act as an extracellular signaling molecule through interactions with specific purinergic receptors to mediate a variety of processes including neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and bone remodeling.

Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) is a STING agonist and a second messenger in bacteria. It is involved in a variety of processes in prokaryotes, including biofilm formation, motility, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) exhibits antiproliferative activity against cancer cells, inducing increased CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest, and is a novel therapeutic agent that can be developed to prevent or treat cancer.

Atinvicitinib, a selective Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, demonstrates high specificity for Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), consequently inhibiting downstream cytokine signaling pathways that rely on JAK1 enzymatic activity. Atinvicitinib modulates a wide range of cytokines that are implicated in itch responses, allergic reactions, and inflammatory conditions, making it a significant research tool for studying cytokine-mediated immune processes as well as therapeutic modulation of allergic and inflammatory diseases.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a natural hormone-like substance involved in various physiological functions, including the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles, dilation and constriction of blood vessels, regulation of blood pressure, and modulation of inflammation. It can be used to induce neuropathic pain models.

Ionomycin is a calcium ion carrier and an antibiotic that binds to calcium ions (Ca2+). The main function of Ionomycin is to induce cellular responses by increasing the intracellular calcium ion concentration. In experiments, Ionomycin is typically used to activate calcium-dependent processes, such as apoptosis and enzyme activity.

FASN-in-1 is an effective, specific inhibitor of fatty acid synthase (FASN), a compound specifically designed to target and inhibit the activity of the enzyme involved in fatty acid synthesis, potentially disrupting fatty acid production and affecting various cellular processes.

alphaSYN-IN-NAB2, a neuron-protective agent, is a protein encoded by the NAB2 gene. NAB2 effectively and selectively protects a variety of cells from alpha-SYN toxicity. NAB2 promotes endosomal transport dependent on E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5/Nedd4. NAB2 identifies a viable molecular node in alpha-SYN biology that corrects multiple aspects of its underlying pathology, including dysfunctional endosomes and endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicles transport. NAB2 is involved in cellular processes such as cell differentiation, apoptosis and stress response, and can be used to study cancer, neurodevelopment and neuronal activity.

Eclazolast (RHC 2871) is a lipophilic anti-allergic compound that inhibits mediator release in a mast cell model.Eclazolast inhibits extracellular secretion by affecting only the direct processes associated with Fc(epsilon)RI in the cell.The effect of Eclazolast is highly dependent on the concentration of antigen that triggers the cell.

11β-HSd1-in-11 is a potent and competitive inhibitor of 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) IN rats and humans with IC50 values of 0.34 μM and 0.13 μM, respectively. 11β-Hsvd1-in-11 is a compound used as a chemical compound. 11β-HSD1-IN-11 is a hormone involved in regulating various physiological processes, such as metabolism, inflammation, and stress responses. 11β-Hd1-in-11 is a potential compound for the treatment of metabolic disorders, obesity, and certain inflammatory conditions.

AP23846 is a novel and potent Src family kinase inhibitor that reduces vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-8 expression and abrogates downstream angiogenic processes in human solid tumor cell lines.

Mtb-IN-2 is a small molecule compound of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) with antimicrobial activity and low toxicity that interferes with methionine metabolism processes and can be used to study tuberculosis.

Taurine (2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an organic acid widely distributed in animal tissues and is one of the constituents of bile acids. Taurine is involved in a number of processes related to energy expenditure and muscle function, and can treat fatigue and muscles as well as improve immune function.

DL-Glutamine (2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid), a non-essential amino acid, exists abundantly throughout the body and is participated in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from glutamic acid and ammonia, and is the main carrier of nitrogen in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.

L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid that exists in large quantities in the human body and participates in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a carbon source for oxidation in certain cells.

D-Sorbitol (Sorbitol) is a polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose, occurring naturally and also produced synthetically from glucose. Formerly used as a diuretic, it may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for certain surgical procedures. It is also utilized in various manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications.

Choline chloride (Biocoline) is a basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism.

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt (5'-GTP disodium salt) is an enhancer of myogenic cell differentiation and serves as an energy source for translation and other critical cellular processes.

DL-Threonine, a crucial amino acid compound, plays an integral role in numerous metabolic processes including the synthesis of glycine, the enzymatic conversion of glycogen to glucose, the maintenance of muscle tissue integrity, and the systemic regulation of overall amino acid balance.

Liothyronine (Tresitope) is a synthetic and highly active thyroid hormone that acts as an effective agonist of TRα and TRβ (Ki = 2.33 nM for both hTRα and hTRβ). It activates the TRβ1 receptor, promotes the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, accelerates the oxidative processes in tissue cells, maintains basal metabolic rate, and supports normal growth and development. Liothyronine can be used to induce hyperthyroidism models.

3-Phenylbutyric acid undergoes metabolism through initial oxidation processes involving both its benzene ring and side chain. It serves as an effective agent for the isolation of Rhodococcus rhodochrous PB1 from compost soil.

Tributyl phosphate (NSC 8484, Tributyl phosphate) is a trialkyl phosphate that is often used as a solvent, plasticizer, and extractant, including in extraction processes involving transuranic elements and rare earth metals.

Temozolomide Acid (TMZA) is a metabolite of temozolomide (TMZ). Temozolomide processes anticancer activity in vitro. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating agent used to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and astrocytomas.