polypeptides

Amoxicillin (Amoxycillin) binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. Amoxicillin Anhydrous is the anhydrous form of a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic aminopenicillin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This interrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis and results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.

Amoxicillin trihydrate (Moxaline trihydrate) binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 1A located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. Amoxicillin trihydrate is a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic aminopenicillin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This interrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis and results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.

Amoxicillin Sodium (Clavulanate) is a moderate- spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic.

Polymyxin B Sulfate (Poly-RX) is a mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from Bacillus polymyxa strains. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes. Polymyxin B Sulfate (Poly-RX) is used for infections with gram-negative organisms, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic.

Bacitracin (Ziba-RX), a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides, disrupts bacteria by interfering with cell wall and peptidoglycan synthesis.

(-)-Epigallocatechin, the predominant flavonoid in green tea, possesses the unique ability to attach to unfolded native polypeptides, thereby inhibiting their transformation into amyloid fibrils.

Elastase from porcine pancreas is a serine protease derived from the porcine pancreas, consisting of 240 amino acid residues. It has the ability to hydrolyze proteins and peptides, can induce emphysema in hamsters, and is commonly used to establish animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Biotin NHS (NHS-Biotin) is an amino reactive biotin reagent used to prepare biotinylated surfaces or polypeptides.

Hexylamine is a primary aliphatic amine that presents as a flammable, water-white liquid with a strong, unpleasant ammonia-like, fishy odor. Hexylamine is used as a chemical reagent and versatile synthetic intermediate in organic synthesis, including the creation of polypeptides, functionalized materials for CO₂ capture, and lipid nanoparticles for drug delivery, Hexylamine is toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, requiring careful handling, storage, and disposal procedures.

RNA binder 1 (Compound 4b) is an RNA-binding agent capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. It selectively binds to the G-quadruplex structure of the G4C2 repeat sequence RNA of the C9orf72 gene. This compound significantly reduces levels of the toxic polypeptides poly(GA) and poly(GP) in cells derived from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, while it has no significant impact on the antisense polypeptide poly(PR), demonstrating selectivity for sense RNA. RNA binder 1 is useful for studying ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

SCO-PEG8-NHS SCO is a PROTAC linker within the PEG category. It includes SCO and NHS ester groups that can covalently bond with amino groups. SCO is typically utilized to react with amino acid residues of proteins or polypeptides, particularly lysine.

SCO-PEG4-COOH is a PROTAC linker classified under the PEG category. This compound contains SCO and COOH groups, which can covalently bond with amino groups. The SCO group is commonly employed for reactions with amino acid residues of proteins or polypeptides, particularly lysine.

Colistin A is an antibiotic generated by certain strains of the bacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa. Colistin is a mixture of the cyclic polypeptides colistin A and B and belongs to the class of polypeptide antibiotics known as polymyxins. Colistin is effecti

Estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) (E217G) is an estrogen metabolite formed in the liver and subsequently excreted in bile.1It acts as a substrate of the multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2; Km= 75 μM), and through MRP2-mediated transport, functions as a cholestatic agent, decreasing bile flow.1,2In addition to binding to the MRP2 transport site, E217G has been shown to bind to an allosteric site that through positive cooperativity activates its own transportviaMRP2 and the transport of other MRP2 substrates, including the non-cholestatic estrogen metabolite, estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide) .2,3E217G has also been reported to be transported by MDR1, MRP1, MRP3, MRP4, MRP7, ABCG2 (a breast cancer resistance protein transporter), and the rat organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1-4.2 1.Loe, D.W., Almquist, K.C., Cole, S.P., et al.ATP-dependent 17β-estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) transport by multidrug resistance protein (MRP). Inhibition by cholestatic steroidsThe Journal of Biological Chemisty271(16)9683-9689(1996) 2.Gerk, P.M., Li, W., and Vore, M.Estradiol 3-glucuronide is transported by the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 but does not activate the allosteric site bound by estradiol 17-glucuronideDrug Metabolism and Disposition32(10)1139-1145(2004) 3.Gerk, P.M., Li, W., Megaraj, W., et al.Human multidrug resistance protein 2 transports the therapeutic bile salt tauroursodeoxycholateJournal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics320(2)893-899(2007)

Estrone sulfate sodium (17β-Estrone 3-sulfate) is an endogenous steroid and an estrogen ester that is biologically inactive. It is converted by steroid sulfatase into estrone . Estrone sulfate sodium has been investigated as a ligand for targeting organic anion transporting polypeptides f

Bacitracin complex is a bacitracin antibiotic complex composed of cyclic dipeptides that has been found inBacillus.1It is metal-dependent and is complexed to a divalent metal cation, such as Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, or Mn2+, for its activity.1,2Bacitracin complex is a mixture of bacitracin polypeptides in complex with copper. 1.Piacham, T., Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Nantasenamat, C., et al.Metalloantibiotic Mn(II)-bacitracin complex mimicking manganese superoxide dismutaseBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.341(4)925-930(2006) 2.Rodríguez-Uribe, N.A., Pérez-González, R., Domínguez-Mendoza, B.E., et al.Metallobacitracins: Affinity and structural study in aqueous solutionInorg. Chem. Commun.10461-70(2019)

VCP/p97 inhibitor-1, a highly effective compound, inhibits VCP/p97 (also known as Cdc48, CDC-48, or Ter94) with an IC 50 of 54.7 nM. This inhibitor induces a disruption in protein homeostasis and interferes with the degradation process of misfolded polypeptides by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS).

Amoxicillin (trihydrate) mixed with potassium clavulanate (4:1) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that exhibits strong oral absorption. It functions by inhibiting the biosynthesis of polypeptides in bacterial cell walls, which effectively halts cell growth, demonstrating its antimicrobial activity [1] [2] [3].

Monoamine oxidase, an enzyme comprising various polypeptides, catalyzes the oxidative deamination of diverse biological amines within both brain and peripheral tissues, yielding hydrogen peroxide in the process. This enzyme is crucial for regulating synaptic transmission, emotional behavior, and other cerebral functions [1] [2].

Carboxypeptidase A (EC 3.4.2.1), a zinc-containing metalloprotease, catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds near the C-terminal end of polypeptides and is frequently utilized in biochemical research. As a prototypical enzyme for metalloproteases, it is essential in biological systems [1].

Mal-PEG8-Val-Ala-PAB-Exatecan (Compound 9b), an antibody-drug conjugate linker (ADC linker), binds Nectin-4 polypeptides to chemotherapeutic agents for use in cancer research [1].

Antifreeze Polypeptide 6 (winter flounder) is one of the winter flounder's antifreeze polypeptides, which depresses the freezing point of plasma by inhibiting the expansion of ice nuclei [1].

Bacitracin (Standard) is the standard substance of Bacitracin, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Bacitracin (Ziba-RX), a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides, disrupts bacteria by interfering with cell wall and peptidoglycan synthesis.

Lamin fragment has a peptide sequence of Lys-Ala-Gly-Gln-Val-Val-Thr-Ile-Trp. Lamin polypeptides have an almost complete α-helical conformation with multiple α-helical domains separated by non-α-helical linkers that are highly conserved in length and amin