sn-glycerol

sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate, produced by the reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate by NADH formed during glycolysis of the cytoplasmic glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase pathway.

1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycerol is an internal standard for the isolation and characterization of molecular species of 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (DAG).

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium, a phosphatidic acid, is an endogenous human metabolite.

1-O-Hexadecyl-sn-glycerol is a biologically active alkyl glyceryl ether that exhibits protective effects against UVB-induced cellular damage by reducing keratinocyte death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and prostaglandin E2 synthesis in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). additionally, at a concentration of 50 μM, 1-O-Hexadecyl-sn-glycerol significantly enhances coronary flow and left ventricular developed pressure while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in an ex vivo rat heart model of ischemia and reperfusion injury, thereby demonstrating both cytoprotective and cardioprotective properties.

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (DAG) is a diacylglycerol (DAG) substrate that can be hydrolyzed to 2-arachidonic acid glycerol. 1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol activates PKC, induces Ca2+ influx, and can induce tracheal smooth muscle contraction.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol ((S)-1,2-Dipalmitin) is an analog of the PKC-activating second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG). It weakly activates PKC.

1-Oleoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol is a diacylglycerol (DG) that can activate protein kinase C (PKC), initiating downstream signaling cascades that promote tumor growth. This compound shows potential for use in breast cancer research.

1-Palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol is a diacylglycerol (DAG) lipid signaling molecule that can be found in the coralloid roots of the plant Cycas revoluta.

1,2-Di-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol (Compound 2e) is a diacylglycerol derivative isolated from the fungus Stereum Hirsutum. It exhibits potential thrombin inhibitory activity and may be useful in antithrombotic research.

(2R)-O-[4-(3"-Hydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl]-3-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (compound 6) represents a glycerol glycoside isolated from the entire plant of the genus Pilea.

1-Stearoyl-rac-glycerol is a monoacylglycerol that contains stearic acid at the sn-1 position. 1-Stearoyl-rac-glycerol levels are decreased in tumor tissue in a mouse model of azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. 1-Stearoyl-rac-glycerol has been used in the composition of transfersomes for transdermal delivery of doxorubicin in rats, leading to doxorubicin accumulation in lymph nodes, spleen, and heart.

Glycerophospholipids, cephalins (Phosphatidylethanolamines (egg)) are a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from eggs, with various fatty acyl groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. Glycerophospholipids and cephalins can be completely hydrolyzed to obtain 1 mol of glycerol, phosphoric acid, ethanolamine and 2 mol of fatty acids. Phosphatidylethanolamines play a role in membrane fusion and disassembly of contractile rings during cell division, regulating membrane curvature. Phosphatidylethanolamines are able to transmit infectious prions without the help of any proteins or nucleic acids. One of the main roles of Phosphatidylethanolamines in bacterial membranes is to disperse the negative charges caused by anionic membrane phospholipids.

1,3-Dilinoleoyl-2-oleoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol that contains linoleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions and oleic acid at the sn-2 position. It has been found in grape seed, pumpkin seed, soybean, sunflower, and wheat germ oils, with the highest content in grape seed oil.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE), a phospholipid member of the glycerophosphonoethanolamine family, is a major component in biological membranes. Studies have shown that cholesterol induces condensation of DPPE monolayers in the presence of Ca2+ ions, leading to more ordered lipid tails and resulting in a thicker membrane.