neural differentiation

Estradiol (E2) is a naturally occurring steroidal sex hormone that is essential for female fertility and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics. Estradiol upregulates IL-6 expression through estrogen receptor beta (ERβ).

CKI-7 is a potent, ATP-competitive inhibitor of casein kinase 1 (CK1; IC50: 6 μM; Ki: 8.5 μM) and a selective Cdc7 kinase inhibitor. It also inhibits SGK, ribosomal S6 kinase-1 (S6K1), and MSK1.

K-252a is a protein kinase inhibitor targeting serine-threonine, tyrosine, and CAM kinases. In vitro, it blocks NGF-induced TrkA signalling and neural differentiation, exhibiting antitumour, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities.

Neurodazine is a neural inducer that promotes the differentiation of pluripotent cells into neuronal cells.Neurodazine promotes differentiation by activating Wnt and Shh signaling.

Neuropathiazol causes neuronal differentiation of adult hippocampal neural progenitor cells.

(8R)-8-Hydroxyepoxyboetirane A is a neuroactivating compound that interacts with PKCδ-C1B. This compound binds into the PKC enzyme pocket through hydrogen bonds with glycine-253, leucine-251, and threonine-242. It induces the release of NRG1 and promotes the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons. (8R)-8-Hydroxyepoxyboetirane A holds potential for research into nervous system disorders.

Psora 4 (5-(4-Phenylbutoxy)psoralen) is a selective and potent Kv1.3 blocker, a caloric restriction mimetic with immunosuppressive activity that enhances neural progenitor cell differentiation and maturation.

CG500354 plays a tumor suppressive role through the cAMP/CREB signaling pathway and is a novel inducer of neural differentiation and growth arrest in primary HUMAN GBM derived cells.

C3a Receptor Agonist (C3a receptor agonist 1) binds the G protein-coupled C3a receptors (C3aRs) in the immune system complement pathway. Activation of C3aR prevents neutrophils from being mobilized in a model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. C3aRs are expressed on neural progenitor cells and immature neurons in adult mice. C3a stimulates differentiation of neural progenitor cells in vitro.

Estradiol (β-Estradiol) hemihydrate, a key female sex hormone and steroid, plays a significant role in up-regulating neural markers in human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and facilitating their neural differentiation. It is also utilized in research focused on cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and neural tissue engineering.

H-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val-OH (IKVAV) is a short peptide with a sequence length of 5, present in the extracellular matrix (ECM), on the α-laminin chain. H-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val-OH participates in a variety of life activities, such as promoting cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, angiogenesis, collagenase IV production and tumor growth. H-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val-OH can induce rapid differentiation of neural progenitor cells into neurons and neurite outgrowth.

N-Oleoyl serinol, a ceramide analog, plays a crucial role in stem cell therapy by inhibiting the development of teratomas in stem cells. It triggers apoptosis in remaining pluripotent embryoid body-derived cells (EBCs), thwarts teratoma formation, and promotes the enrichment of EBC cells that proceed to neural differentiation post-transplantation [1].

Solasodine hydrochloride (90 μM; 2 days) treatment induced significant budding in P19 cells. This compound strongly stimulated the expression of various neuronal markers, including βIII-tubulin, synaptophysin, MAP2, ChAT, and the neural progenitor marker doublecortin. Predominantly, Solasodine hydrochloride directed the differentiation of P19 cells towards neuronal pathways.