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Nervous System Disease ModelingEpilepsy Modeling
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by abnormal neuronal discharges in the brain, characterized by sudden seizures and impaired consciousness. Common modeling methods include induction by pilocarpine, pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), and kainic acid (KA). These models are used to study mechanisms of excitatory-inhibitory imbalance, neural circuit remodeling, and to screen antiepileptic drugs.
Kainic acid
T15643487-79-6
Kainic acid is an excitatory amino acid receptor agonist (EC50=16.2 μM). Kainic acid is an effective excitatory toxic agent. Kainic acid induces epileptic seizures.
- $37
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L-5-Hydroxytryptophan
T13794350-09-8
L-5-Hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) is a naturally occurring amino acid and dietary supplement that serves as a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin. It can be used as an antidepressant, appetite suppressant, and sleep aid, and acts as an antagonist to reserpine. L-5-HTP is widely used in research on myoclonus, fibromyalgia, migraine, and cerebellar ataxia, and is also commonly used to induce epilepsy models.
- $31
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Bicuculline
T2850485-49-4
Bicuculline is an alkaloid extracted from Corydalis decumbens, acting as a competitive antagonist of the neurotransmitter GABAA receptor (IC50 = 2 μM). It also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and inhibits slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant effects and is commonly used to establish mouse seizure models.
- $38
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(RS)-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine
T16801138199-51-6
(RS)-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine is a potent and selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist that can induce seizure models and Fos expression in mice. Its EC50 values for GluN1 GluN2D and GluN1 GluN2A are 99 nM and 1.7 μM, respectively.
- $36
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Bicuculline methobromide
T7224666016-70-4
Bicuculline methobromide is a selective GABAA receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 3 μM. It can induce clonic-tonic seizures in mammals and block Ca²⁺-activated potassium channels, commonly used to establish models of epilepsy and related neurological disorders.
- TBD
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(-)-(α)-Kainic Acid (hydrate)
T3755758002-62-3
(-)-(α)-Kainic Acid (hydrate) is an effective excitotoxic agent that acts as an agonist of ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes, capable of inducing seizures and commonly used to establish animal models of epilepsy.
- $564
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Bicuculline methochloride
T7411238641-83-7
Bicuculline methochloride is a convulsant alkaloid and a selective GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50 = 3 μM) that can block Ca²⁺-activated potassium channels. It induces clonic-tonic seizures in mammals and is commonly used to establish animal models of epilepsy.
- TBD
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