targeting

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein (5-(and-6)-Carboxyfluorescein mixed isomers) contains a carboxylic acid that can be used to react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation of the carboxylic acid.

HOE-S 785026 trihydrochloride is a live cell labeling dye that binds to nucleic acids by targeting the minor groove in DNA double strands, with a preference for A/T-rich regions (fluorescence is significantly enhanced by A/T-rich double-stranded DNA). It crosses cell membranes and binds to living or immobilized cells, with its fluorescence intensity increasing as the solution pH rises.

7ACC2 is a new potent MCT inhibitor with IC50 of 11 nM for [14C]-lactate influx; new antitumor treatment targeting lactate transport in Y cells.

NucPE1, a nuclear-localized fluorescent hydrogen peroxide, is specifically localized to cellular nuclei without appended targeting moieties.

GD433 is a chemical probe specifically designed for use in vivo targeting NTMT1.

VZMC013 is a potent chemical probe targeting the MOR-CCR5 heterodimer, effectively inhibiting HIV-1 entry exacerbated by opioid compounds. It exhibits nanomolar binding affinity to both MOR and CCR5, inhibits CCL5-activated calcium mobilization, and significantly enhances anti-HIV-1BaL activity compared to previously reported bivalent ligands. In TZM-bl cells co-expressing CCR5 and MOR, VZMC013 demonstrates greater inhibition of viral infection than in cells expressing only CCR5. Additionally, VZMC013 blocks HIV-1 entry into peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in a concentration-dependent manner and more effectively inhibits opioid-accelerated HIV-1 entry in phytohemagglutinin-activated PBMC than in opioid-free environments.

Cy3-PEG-FA (MW 2000) is a fluorescent folate-PEG derivative with excitation/emission wavelengths of approximately 550 nm/570 nm. The compound can be easily tracked due to its intense red fluorescence signal. It is applicable in cell imaging, folate receptor targeting, and detection.

Complex 3 is a fluorescent dithiocarbamate-copper complex exhibiting anticancer properties, specifically targeting mitochondria. It has excitation/emission maxima at 455-495/535 nm. Complex 3 inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3, AsPC-1, PANC-1, and WI38, with IC50 values of 0.74, 0.41, 0.62, and 2.06 µM, respectively. In AsPC-1 cells, it induces lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial fragmentation and constriction, apoptosis, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction dysfunction. Furthermore, Complex 3 reduces tumor volume and induces apoptosis within tumors in AsPC-1 mouse xenograft models.

Cyanine3 carboxylic acid is a non-toxic red fluorescent dye that serves as a non-reactive fluorophore for experimental controls and calibration. It can also be conjugated with targeting active molecules to create fluorescent probes for rapid detection of molecular reactions. [Ex/Em(nm)=550/570nm]

DOTA-XYIMSR-01 is a molecular probe targeting CAIX, capable of being labeled with 177Lu for the treatment and localization of malignant gliomas. The uptake of [177Lu]Lu-XYIMSR-01 in U87MG tumors is 6.19% injected dose per gram (% ID/g), with a tumor-to-muscle uptake ratio of 20.14. In an orthotopic glioma model, co-administration with temozolomide significantly enhances survival rates and inhibits tumor growth in mice. DOTA-XYIMSR-01 shows potential for research in the field of cancer treatment.

BI 2852 FL is a cell-permeable bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) fluorescent probe targeting the pan-RAS type. It is synthesized by conjugating a fluorophore with a derivative of the reversible SI/II-P KRAS inhibitor, BI 2852. BI 2852 FL is employed in a competitive BRET format to quantify the binding of SII-P to multimeric RAS complexes within living cells.

HCy-AAN-Bio is a tumor-targeting hemicyanine (HCy) probe designed for in vivo fluorescence/photoacoustic (FL/PA) imaging of legumain. It is specifically cleaved by legumain, generating FL/PA signals. HCy-AAN-Bio shows promise as a powerful tool for the early diagnosis of related cancers.

JJ-OX-007 is a fluorescent probe specifically targeting FphE in S. aureus cells.

NFL-NH2 is a near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe targeting mitochondria. It enables rapid detection of NO levels related to the degree of inflammatory damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) mouse models through ratiometric fluorescence imaging. The excitation and emission wavelengths are 650 nm and 780 nm, respectively.

FAPLigand 2 is a derivative of FAPI-46 and serves as a specific tracer targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP). It exhibits excellent tumor uptake, making it a promising molecular tracer for FAP tumor imaging.

FITC-Lithocholic acid 3-sulfate (FITC-Sulfolithocholic acid) is an FITC-labeled form of lithocholic acid 3-sulfate, a sulfated bile acid metabolite. It selectively inhibits Th17 cell differentiation by targeting RORγt. Lithocholic acid 3-sulfate is useful for studying the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver diseases.

PMBD is a fluorescent probe targeting lysosomes (Lyso). It selectively and sensitively detects endogenous N-acylethanolamine amidase (NAAA), enabling real-time visual monitoring of endogenous NAAA in live cells. PMBD exhibits a maximum absorption peak at 350 nm. Following NAAA metabolism, the product AMBD shows a red-shifted maximum absorption peak at 450 nm, along with a distinct fluorescence emission signal at 550 nm.

Mito-DK is a small molecule fluorescent dye that responds without crosstalk to polarity, mtDNA, and mitochondrial morphology. It offers high photostability, low cytotoxicity, and excellent mitochondrial targeting properties. Mito-DK is suitable for real-time tracking and multidimensional evaluation of mitochondria-related pyroptosis in cancer cells.

Ir-ImNO is a mitochondria-targeting two-photon probe with excellent cell membrane permeability, capable of detecting both endogenous and exogenous nitric oxide (NO). It allows monitoring of different immune response states in macrophages through a variety of imaging techniques, including single-photon and two-photon phosphorescence imaging as well as phosphorescence lifetime imaging. Ir-ImNO can be used in research for the clinical monitoring of immunotherapy.

AlF-NOTA-c-d-VAP is a peptide-based PET probe designed for targeting and imaging tumors via GRP78. It exhibits high stability both in vitro and in vivo.

ER Thermo Yellow is a high-sensitivity (3.9%/°C) fluorescent probe designed for temperature visualization specifically targeting the endoplasmic reticulum.

Tc-Me2P is a novel 99mTc-labeled propylene amine oxime (PnAO) derivative, which includes two 4-methyl-2-nitroimidazole groups. Primarily, Tc-Me2P serves as an imaging agent for hypoxic tumors by specifically binding to low-oxygen areas within tumor tissue. It is applicable in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for detecting tumor hypoxia. Additionally, Tc-Me2P can be utilized to study the targeting properties of its diverse chemical structures in tumor versus normal tissue.

NIAD-4 is a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent label targeting amyloid-beta (Ki=10 nM) capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. It serves as a fluorophore for optical imaging of Aβ in the central nervous system (CNS) for Alzheimer's disease, with absorption peaks at 475–480 nm.

HKSOX-1m (5/6-mixture) is a mitochondria-targeting O2 fluorescent probe with excitation/emission wavelengths of 509/534 nm (green), offering exceptional selectivity and sensitivity for O2 across a wide pH range and in the presence of strong oxidants and prevalent reductants within cells.