parasitic infection

Paromomycin binds specifically to the RNA oligonucleotide at the A site of bacterial 30S ribosomes, thereby causing misreading and premature termination of translation of mRNA and inhibition of protein synthesis followed by cell death. Paromomycin Sulfate (Aminosidine sulfate) is the sulfate salt form of paromomycin, a structural derivative of neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with amebicidal and bactericidal effects against predominantly aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

Pyrantel pamoate (Pyrantel embonate) is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. This compound is commonly used as an anthelmintic to treat parasitic worm infections, effectively paralyzing nematodes by inhibiting their neuromuscular activity.

Pyrantel tartrate (Banminth) is broad spectrum anthelmintic for livestock.

Linolelaidic acid ((9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid) is a major positive regulator of CTL activity, an essential nutrient for humans, with anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic properties. It improves metabolic adaptability, prevents fatigue, and stimulates memory-like phenotypes with exceptional effects. It induces apoptosis and can be used in infection studies.

Tyvelose is an unusual 3,6-dideoxyhexose terminal sugar and the immunodominant component of glycoprotein antigens in the parasitic helminth T. spiralis, which is responsible for trichinosis in humans. It is produced in high amounts by the infective larva and is immunodominant during the muscle stage of infection. Mice immunized with tyvelose-BSA produce IgG1 antibodies to tyvelose but are not resistant to infection by T. spiralis. Tyvelose-specific antibodies (2.5 mg 20 g) administered to rat pups leads to expulsion of first stage larvae from the intestine within one hour.

Niclosamide sodium (BAY2353), an orally active antihelminthic agent employed in parasitic infection research, serves as a potent STAT3 inhibitor, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.25 μM in HeLa cells. Additionally, this compound exhibits significant biological activities against cancer and effectively inhibits DNA replication in Vero E6 cells.

Koshidacin B, a cyclic tetrapeptide, exhibits potent antiplasmodial activity, evidenced by its ability to inhibit Plasmodium falciparum strains FCR3 and K1 with IC50 values of 0.89 μM and 0.83 μM, respectively. It has been shown to effectively suppress malaria parasites in vivo and has potential applications in parasitic infection research [1].