eurotransmitter

Prolylleucine (((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)-L-prolyl-D-leucine) is a dipeptide containing branched-chain amino acids.

Octopamine hydrochloride ((±)-p-Octopamine hydrochlorid) is a biogenic monoamine structurally associated with noradrenaline. It can serve as a neurohormone, a neurotransmitter, and a neuromodulator in invertebrates.

γ-Aminobutyric acid belongs to natural products and functions as an agonist of GABAA and GABAB receptors, possessing central sedative effects, cell permeability, and the ability to modulate neuronal excitability. This compound is used in neuroscience research and exhibits anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and neuroprotective activities.

L-DOPA belongs to the category of dopamine precursors, serving as an orally active neurotransmitter metabolic precursor capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier and undergoing conversion to dopamine within the brain. The compound exhibits anti-hyperalgesic properties and finds application in Parkinson's disease research as well as in the induction of disease models.

Oxidopamine hydrobromide (6-OHDA hydrobromide) is a widely used neurotoxin and an antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine. It selectively destroys dopaminergic neurons, promotes COX-2 activation, induces PGE2 synthesis, and stimulates the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. It is commonly used to establish animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) is a natural catecholamine neurotransmitter that mainly acts on dopamine receptors (D1-5 receptors) (EC50=2.7 nM). Dopamine hydrochloride induces VEGFR2 endocytosis through D2 dopamine receptor and has pro-angiogenic activity.

Flibanserin (Girosa) is a serotonergic antidepressant used to treat hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Flibanserin has been associated with a low rate of minor serum aminotransferase elevations during treatment but has not been linked to instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Argireline (Acetyl hexapeptide-3) is a peptide composed of amino acid chains that significantly inhibits Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) release at the neuromuscular junction, exhibiting notable anti-wrinkle and anti-aging activity[1][2][3].

(RS)-AMPA ((±)-AMPA) is a glutamate analog and an agonist of the effective and selective excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamic acid.

Bicuculline is an alkaloid extracted from Corydalis decumbens, acting as a competitive antagonist of the neurotransmitter GABAA receptor (IC50 = 2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and inhibits slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant effects and is commonly used to establish mouse seizure models.

Dizocilpine Maleate (MK-801 maleate) is a potent, selective, and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with a Kd value of 37.2 nM. It is commonly used in the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases in which NMDA receptors may be involved, and can also be used to induce schizophrenia models.

Dizocilpine (MK-801) is a selective non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with a Kd of 37.2 nM that exhibits anticonvulsant effects. It acts by binding to a site within the NMDA-associated ion channel, blocking the flow of Ca²⁺, and is commonly used to establish schizophrenia models.