atherogenic

G* peptide, also known as LVGRQLEEFL (mouse) TFA, is a segment corresponding to amino acids 113 to 122 ([113,122] apoJ) of apolipoprotein J. This compound possesses both anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic qualities. When combined with an apoJ mimetic, it constitutes the HM-10 10 peptide, a novel chimeric high-density lipoprotein mimetic peptide. The HM-10 10 peptide is notable for safeguarding retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors from oxidant-induced cell death as referenced in sources [1] [2].

G* Peptide, also denoted as LVGRQLEEFL (mouse), represents the amino acid sequence 113 to 122 ([113,122] apoJ) found in apolipoprotein J. This compound displays both anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic characteristics. When incorporated into an apoJ mimetic, it results in the formation of the HM-10 10 peptide, which functions as a novel chimeric high-density lipoprotein. The HM-10 10 peptide has been shown to confer protection to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors against oxidant-induced cell death [1] [2].

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) (22-51), a pro-atherogenic peptide comprised of 30 amino acids from the residues 22-51 of its precursor protein proGIP, is present in human plasma. It activates the degradation of IκB-α and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in both macrophage-differentiated THP-1 cells and human aortic endothelial cells at a concentration of 1 µM. Additionally, in ApoE-/- mice, GIP (22-51) escalates the area of atherosclerotic lesions and plaque development in vivo.