anorexia

Megestrol acetate (BDH1298) is a progestogen with actions and uses similar to those of the progestogens in general. Megestrol acetate also has anti-androgenic properties. It is given by mouth in the palliative treatment or as an adjunct to other therapy in endometrial carcinoma and in breast cancer. Megestrol acetate has been approved to treat anorexia and cachexia.

MCL0020 is a potent and selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (IC50 values are 11.63, 1115, and >10,000 nM at MC4, MC3, and MC1 receptors, respectively). It significantly reverses stress-induced anorexia without affecting food intake in free-feeding rats and exhibits anxiolytic-like activity in vivo.

JNJ-31020028 is a selective brain penetrant antagonist of neuropeptide Y2 receptor with high affinity(pIC50=8.07, human; pIC50=8.22, rat); it exhibits >100-fold selectivity for Y2 versus human Y1/Y4/Y5 receptors.

Ponsegromab (PF 06946860) is a selective and potent humanized anti-GDF15 antibody inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 0.123 nM, 0.053 nM, and 0.102 nM for human, rhesus macaque, and mouse targets, respectively. Ponsegromab exhibits anti-cachexia activity by binding to GDF15 to prevent its interaction with GFRAL, thereby disrupting GDF15/GFRAL-mediated signaling. Ponsegromab possesses potential anticancer activity and may be used to treat cancer patients with cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome. Ponsegromab acts as a chemopreparative agent, increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and reducing glutathione levels.

PF-07258669 is a small-molecule compound and a melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) antagonist (IC50 = 13 nM, Ki = 0.46 nM) with high selectivity, oral bioavailability, and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. This compound can be used for research on diseases such as cachexia and anorexia.

Ethylmalonic acid is potentially toxic, non-carcinogenic, and has been associated with anorexia nervosa and methoxy decarboxylase deficiency.

AMPD2 inhibitor 1 is an adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 (AMPD2) inhibitor, useful for studying anorexia in the nervous system.

Megestrol is a synthetic progestin exhibiting androgenic, corticosteroid, and progestational properties. It stimulates appetite and is indicated for anorexia and weight loss in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Bobcat339 hydrochloride is a selective 10 11 translocation (TET) dioxygenase inhibitor that inhibits TET1 and TET2.Bobcat339 hydrochloride induces TET3 protein degradation and also stimulates the expression of AGRP, NPY, and VGAT in a TET3-dependent manner in mouse and human neuronal cells. VGAT expression, which can be used to study transient anorexia nervosa.

Benoxathian hydrochloride is effective α 1 Adrenaline receptor antagonist. Benoxathian hydrochloride has value in the study of anorexia.

Macimorelin acetate is an orally active agonist of the GHSR (Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor) and functions as a growth hormone (GH) secretagogue. As a ghrelin mimetic, it potently stimulates the release of endogenous growth hormone by binding to GHSR. Macimorelin acetate is clinically utilized as a diagnostic tool for Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency (AGHD) and is being investigated for the treatment of Cancer Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome (CACS). Additionally, it has shown potential in neurological research for suppressing seizure activity.

CB1 Inverse Agonist 2, an orally active compound, serves as an inverse agonist for the Cannabinoid Receptor CB1. It effectively counteracts the hypothermia and anorexia induced by CP55940 in mouse models.

Zymosan A, a polysaccharide derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a TLR2 agonist that can upregulate ASCL2 through the TLR2 and Wnt signaling pathways, promoting the regeneration of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) after radiation-induced injury. It exhibits significant radioprotective effects, helping to prevent and alleviate IR-induced intestinal damage. Additionally, Zymosan A can induce immune responses, inflammation, anorexia, and elevated body temperature, and is commonly used to establish peritonitis models.

PMX-53, a macrocyclic complement 5a (C5a) peptidomimetic and C5a receptor antagonist (IC50 = 0.3 µM), effectively inhibits the C5a-induced secretion of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Administered orally at 10 mg/kg, PMX-53 mitigates vascular leakage, PMN infiltration, and the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in a rat peritoneal Arthus reaction model. Additionally, in a 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP)-induced Huntington's disease rat model, it alleviates body weight loss, anorexia, and striatal degeneration. Furthermore, at a dose of 3 mg/kg, PMX-53 decreases atherosclerotic lesion size and lipid content in ApoE-/- mice.

α-Cortolone, a metabolite of the glucocorticoid cortisol (hydrocortisone), is produced through the action of 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) via a tetrahydrocortisone (THE) intermediate. Studies indicate that urinary levels of α-cortolone are reduced in patients experiencing severe anorexia nervosa and postmenopausal women diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma, in comparison to postmenopausal women without the condition.

Ethyl-D5-malonic Acid is a deuterated compound of Ethyl-malonic Acid. Ethyl-malonic Acid (T5279) has a CAS number of 601-75-2. Ethylmalonic acid can be found in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as in human fibroblasts, prostate, and skeletal muscle tissues. Moreover, ethylmalonic acid is found to be associated with anorexia nervosa and malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency. Ethylmalonic acid is a non-carcinogenic potentially toxic compound. Chronically high levels of ethylmalonic acid are associated with at least two inborn errors of metabolism, including short chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (SCAD deficiency) and ethylmalonic encephalopathy.

Megestrol Acetate-D3 is a deuterated compound of Megestrol Acetate. Megestrol Acetate (T1284) has a CAS number of 595-33-5. Megestrol acetate is a progestogen with actions and uses similar to those of the progestogens in general. Megestrol acetate also has anti-androgenic properties. It is given by mouth in the palliative treatment or as an adjunct to other therapy in endometrial carcinoma and in breast cancer. Megestrol acetate has been approved to treat anorexia and cachexia.

Megestrol acetate (Standard) is the standard substance of Megestrol acetate, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Megestrol acetate (BDH1298) is a progestogen with actions and uses similar to those of the progestogens in general. Megestrol acetate also has anti-androgenic properties. It is given by mouth in the palliative treatment or as an adjunct to other therapy in endometrial carcinoma and in breast cancer. Megestrol acetate has been approved to treat anorexia and cachexia.

Ethylmalonic acid (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Ethylmalonic acid. Ethylmalonic acid is potentially toxic, non-carcinogenic, and has been associated with anorexia nervosa and methoxy decarboxylase deficiency.

Ethyl-D5-Malonic Acid (Standard) is a reference standard of Ethyl-D5-Malonic Acid intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related biochemical research applications. Ethyl-d5-malonic Acid is a deuterated compound of Ethyl-malonic Acid. Ethyl-malonic Acid has a CAS number of 601-75-2. Ethylmalonic acid can be found in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as in human fibroblasts, prostate, and skeletal muscle tissues. Moreover, ethylmalonic acid is found to be associated with anorexia nervosa and malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency. Ethylmalonic acid is a non-carcinogenic potentially toxic compound. Chronically high levels of ethylmalonic acid are associated with at least two inborn errors of metabolism, including short chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (SCAD deficiency) and ethylmalonic encephalopathy.

Glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-β-D-glucuronide is a potent sweetener (relative sweetness to sucrose: x 941).

NNC0165-1273 is a peptide YY (PYY3-36) analogue acting as an intestinal hormone. It shows significantly higher affinity for the Y2 receptor compared to the Y1, Y4, and Y5 receptors. NNC0165-1273 effectively induces anorexia and decreases food intake prompted by nocturnal and ghrelin stimulation through increased satiety. It also inhibits the expression of cFos in NPY/AgRP neurons induced by ghrelin. NNC0165-1273 is applicable in anti-obesity therapy research.