5α-reductase

5α-Reductase is the enzyme responsible for converting testosterone into 5-α dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a potent androgen involved in male sexual differentiation. The 5α-reductase family comprises three subfamilies and five isozyme members: 5αR1, 5αR2, 5αR3, GPSN2, and GPSN2L.

Alpha-Estradiol (Epiestradiol) is an estrogen that inhibits 5alpha-reductase and has potential in the study of androgenetic alopecia.

4',7-Dimethoxyisoflavone (Daidzein dimethyl ether) , a kind of isoflavonoids, showed inhibitory effects on rat prostate testosterone 5α-reductase.

1. Isocurcumenol inhibits 5α-reductase which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

Pedunculagin, a potent 5α-reductase type 1 inhibitor, effectively inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO), IL-6, and IL-8 while also decreasing the protein expression of 5α-reductase. Additionally, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity [1].

Chinese gallotannin, derived from Galla Chinensis, is a non-specific promiscuous inhibitor of various enzymes. It is a potent inhibitor of human salivary α-amylase, with a Ki value of 0.82 μg/mL. Mechanistic studies reveal that gallotannins exert their inhibitory effects through the formation of aggregates, which serve as the active species in the inhibition process. Beyond its role in carbohydrate metabolism, it exhibits inhibitory activity against telomerase, fatty acid synthase, and 5α-reductase, making it a versatile tool for research in diabetes, oncology, and metabolic disorders.

12-O-Methylcarnosic acid (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid is a diterpene carnosic acid isolated from Salvia microphylla, is an active constituent of 5α-Reductase inhibition with an IC50 value of 61.7 μM. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid has Antioxidant activity, it is effective preventing gastric lesions. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid can suppress melanin production with downregulation of Tyrosinase expression in HMV-II melanoma cells. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid may have anti-diabetic activity, it is able to significantly activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ.

Alpha-Estradiol (Standard) is the standard substance of Alpha-Estradiol, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Alpha-Estradiol (Epiestradiol) is an estrogen that inhibits 5alpha-reductase and has potential in the study of androgenetic alopecia.

Stigmasterol glucoside is a natural sterol and 5α-reductase inhibitor (IC50=27.2 µM) with potential antioxidant and antitumor properties.

12-O-Methylcarnosic acid is a diterpene carnosic acid isolated from Salvia microphylla, is an active constituent of 5α-Reductase inhibition with an IC50 value of 61.7 μM. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid has Antioxidant activity, it is effective preventing gastric lesions. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid can suppress melanin production with downregulation of Tyrosinase expression in HMV-II melanoma cells. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid may have anti-diabetic activity, it is able to significantly activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ.

Grandifloroside shows good antioxidative and potent anti-inflammatory activities, it also exhibits potent inhibitory activity against TNF-α and 5α-reductase, suggests that it might be developed as a source of potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory ag

Torilin is an inhibitor of testosterone 5 alpha-reductase, it (IC50 = 31.7 +/- 4.23 microM) shows a stronger inhibition of 5 alpha-reductase than alpha-linolenic acid (IC50 = 160.3 +/- 24.62 microM) but is weaker than finasteride (IC50 = 0.38 +/- 0.06 microM). Torilin has immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, it inhibits inflammation by limiting TAK1-mediated MAP kinase and NF-κB activation, it can attenuate arthritis severity, modify leukocyte activations in dLNs or joints, and restore serum and splenocyte cytokine imbalances. Torilin inhibits melanin production in alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone-activated B16 melanoma cells, with an IC(50) value of 25 microM. Torilin shows excellent antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 spores and vegetative cells. Torilin has a potent anti-angiogenic activity both in vivo and in vitro, and it may have a strong activity to suppress tumorigenesis by inhibition of tumor invasion, it reverses multidrug-resistance in cancer cells, it can potentiate the cytotoxicities of adriamycin, vinblastine, taxol and colchicine against multidrug-resistant KB-V1 and MCF7/ADR cells.