ulcers

Pentoxifylline (PTX) modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production. Pentoxifylline is a methylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It also inhibits platelet aggregation and improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility.

PALDA (N-Palmitoyl dopamine) is a fatty acid dopamine found in the mammalian brain that is inactive against TRPV1 and inactivates at TRPV(1)R. It is used in the study of duodenal ulcers.

Cysteamine hydrochloride is an orally administered small-molecule drug commonly used for the treatment of nephropathic cystinosis. It also functions as an antioxidant and is used in experimental studies to induce gastrointestinal disorders, duodenal ulcers, and kidney injury models in mice.

DL-Methionine Methylsulfonium Chloride is a natural product, used in the treatment of peptic ulcers, colitis, and gastritis.

Levocarnitine propionate (L-Propionylcarnitine) is a propionyl-coenzyme A (Pro-CoA) derivative with anti-ischemic effects and high affinity for muscle L-carnitine transferase. Levocarnitine propionate enhances substrate oxidation and mitochondrial respiration in the heart of diabetic rats, reduces gastric ulcer area, induces mucosal recovery, and can be used to study acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic gastric ulcers in Alzheimer's disease.

Diclofenac Acyl Glucuronide (Diclofenac glucuronide) is an intestinal metabolite that accelerates intestinal ulcers.

1-Methyl-2-(8E)-8-tridecenyl-4(1H)-quinolinone exhibits strong antibacterial properties with an MIC 50 of 22 µM and an MIC 90 of 50 µM against Helicobacter pylori Strain 51, showing promise for research into gastric and duodenal ulcers [1].

7(8)-Dehydroschisandrol A (Compound 4a), a lignan extracted from Schizandra chinensis Baill, exhibits mild inhibitory activity against stress-induced gastric ulcers [1].

Pinocembrin chalcone is an inhibitor of tyrosinase with antimutagenic effects. Pinocembrin chalcone can be used in studies about the prevention of gastric ulcers.

Luvangetin may have anti-inflammatory activity, it can inhibit NO and PGE2 production in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Luvangetin shows significant protection against pylorus-ligated and aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in rats and cold restraint stress-induced

(-)-Myrtenol ((1R)-(-)-Myrtenol) is a naturally occurring plant-derived monoterpenoid with anxiolytic, gastric cytoprotective, and wound-healing activities, and can be used in the study of gastric ulcers.

Nimbin is an anti-pyretic, can be used to treat arthritis, hypoglycaemia, peptic ulcers, anti-secretory activity, and it can also be used as an antibiotic. Nimbin requires to elicit a 50% inhibition of this steroid hydroxylase activity in the three insect