phosphatase and tensin homolog

Oroxin B has antioxidant activity.

SF1670 (PTPase CD45 Inhibitor) is a specific PTEN inhibitor with IC50 of 2 μM.

1. Ginkgolic acid C17:1 can significantly inhibit enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7(EHEC) biofilm formation on the surfaces of polystyrene and glass, and on nylon membranes.

VO-Ohpic trihydrate (VO-Ohpic) is a potent inhibitor of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) with IC50 of 35 nM.

BpV(HOpic) (bpV (HOpic)) is a potent inhibitor of PTEN (IC50 of 14 nM).

Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) exhibits several cellular activities such as DNA-protective, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and UV-absorbing properties, potentially protecting human skin from UVB-induced damage through a combination of UV-absorbing and cellular actions. Afzelin mitigates mitochondrial damage, promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces levels of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1.

Cefminox (Sodium) is a new cephamycin antibiotic possessing a D-amino acid moiety derived from D-cysteine at the C-7B side chain. Cefminox is active against a wide range of bacteria, especially Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria. Cefminox shows excellent in vivo efficacy (ED50) which is higher than would be expected from its in vitro activity (MIC). Moreover, cefminox possesses more potent activity in suppression of bacterial regrowth than other cephems[1]. Cefminox (Sodium) was the most active beta-lactam, with an MIC at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50) of 1.0 microg/ml and an MIC90 of 16.0 microg/ml. Cefminox was especially active against Bacteroides fragilis (MIC90, 2.0 microg/ml), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (MIC90, 4.0 microg/ml), fusobacteria (MIC90, 1.0 microg/ml), peptostreptococci (MIC90, 2.0 microg/ml), and clostridia, including Clostridium difficile (MIC90, 2.0 microg/ml)[2]. The use of a single preoperative dose of cefminox was similar in efficacy to 3 doses of cefoxitin administered every 4 hours, and that the serum and tissue concentrations attained provide adequate antibiotic coverage[3]. Moreover, cefminox as a dual agonist of IP (Prostacyclin receptor) and PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma) that significantly inhibits PASMC proliferation by up-regulation of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) and cAMP ( cyclic adenosine monophosphate), suggesting that it has potential for treatment of PAH(pulmonary arterial hypertension)[4].

Lipid PPz-2R1 is an ionizable cationic lipid employed in crafting lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for mRNA delivery both in vitro and in vivo. LNPs with lipid PPz-2R1, encapsulating an mRNA reporter, target the lungs preferentially over the heart, liver, spleen, and kidneys in mice. Additionally, these LNPs, when encapsulating mRNA encoding phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), enhance PTEN protein levels in PTEN-deficient Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. In an orthotopic murine LLC model, these Lipid PPz-2R1-containing LNPs, carrying PTEN mRNA, reduce tumor growth either when administered alone or alongside an antibody against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1).