pain relief

Ketocaine(Rec 7-0518) is a local anesthetic commonly used in animal experiments with potential antitumor activity for pain relief.

Droxicam (Droxicamum) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound and can be used for research on the relief of inflammation and pain in musculoskeletal disorders.

Vocacapsaicin hydrochloride (CA-008 hydrochloride) is a non-opioid TRPV1 agonist, a raw material for capsaicin, and is used for pain relief.

Articaine hydrochloride (Hoe-045), a thiophene-containing local anesthetic, is pharmacologically similar to mepivacaine.

Eugenol acetate (Aceteugenol) is a constituent of Clove oil, an essential oil from the clove plant, Syzygium aromaticum. Clove oil is a natural analgaesic and antiseptic used primarily in dentistry for its main ingredient Eugenol. Clove oil can also be purchased in pharmacies over the counter, as a home remedy for dental pain relief, mainly toothache; it is also often found in the aromatherapy section of health food stores.

Parcetasal (MR-897) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that can be used in pain relief studies.

RY785 is a potent and selective inhibitor of voltage-gated potassium channels, such as KV2.2 (IC50 = 50 nM). This compound may be used in pain relief studies.

Limaprost (17α,20-dimethyl-δ2-PGE1) is an analog of PGE1 with structural modifications intended to give it a prolonged half-life and greater potency.It is a potent and orally active vasodilator. Limaprost increases blood flow and inhibits platelet aggregation. Limaprost (17α,20-dimethyl-δ2-PGE1) can be used for pain relief, has antianginal effects, and has potential for ischaemic symptoms treatment.

Telcagepant (MK-0974) is an oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRP) antagonist that blocks CGRP receptors and reduces neurotransmission in the central nervous system and is used in the study of migraines and for pain relief.

AH 7563 is structurally classified as an opioid compound with analgesic properties. In mice, its ED50 for pain relief was 15.3 mg kg when administered orally in the Phenylquinone test, and 15.5 mg kg when injected subcutaneously in the Hot plate test.

Ibuprofen arginine is an orally effective L-arginine salt of ibuprofen. It is quickly absorbed with high bioavailability and effectively alleviates various types of acute pain. Additionally, it causes minimal gastric mucosal damage and is well-tolerated. Ibuprofen arginine can be utilized in pain relief research.

Septacidin represents a group of l-eptopyranoses including nucleoside antibiotics with antitumor, antifungal, and pain-relief activities.

Vazegepant (Zavegepant) is an orally available and selective antagonist of the calcitonin gene-related peptide CGRP receptor for pain relief and may be used in the study of migraine.

Vocacapsaicin (CA-008), a prodrug of Capsaicin and a first-in-class non-opioid TRPV1 agonist, offers significant and enduring pain relief.

1. Albiflorin (Alibiflorin) has anticonvulsant effect for pain relief. 2. Albiflorin and paeoniflorin has neuroprotective action against Glu toxicity. 3. Albiflorin and paeoniflorin significantly ameliorated Glu-induced reduction of cell viability, nuclear and mitochondrial apoptotic alteration, reactive oxygen species accumulation and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) Bax ratio. 4. Albiflorin can serve as a new chemical marker for the quality control of Paeoniae Radix and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia can be updated, via has similar anti-inflammatory effects to paeoniflorin.

IL-1β-IN-1, a cannabidiol derivative, acts as a potent inhibitor of IL-1β, exhibiting significant anti-inflammatory and pain relief properties [1].

µ-Conotoxin-CnIIIC acetate is a potent NaV1.4 sodium channel antagonist, a conotoxin peptide consisting of 22 amino acids, used for muscle relaxation and pain relief.

Tat-CBD3A6K, a peptide derivative of the N-type voltage-gated calcium channel Cav2.2 and collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) interaction inhibitor Tat-CBD3, has demonstrated efficacy in a rat model of antiretroviral neuropathic pain caused by stavudine (d4T). Administered at 10 mg/kg, it preserves paw withdrawal threshold, indicating pain relief, and reduces the number of action potentials in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons from affected rats. Additionally, a 30 µM/animal dural dose of Tat-CBD3A6K lessens meningeal blood flow escalation triggered by capsaicin, showcasing its potential in managing neuropathic pain and inflammation.

Myr-Tat-CBD3 is a chemical compound that serves as an inhibitor of the protein-protein interaction between the N-type voltage-gated calcium channel Cav2.2 and collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2). This compound effectively disrupts the Cav2.2-CRMP2 interaction by about 81% at a 10 µM concentration and demonstrates an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value of approximately 2.8 µM against potassium-induced calcium influx in primary rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Furthermore, at a concentration of 20 µM, Myr-Tat-CBD3 specifically inhibits calcium currents without affecting sodium currents in primary DRG neurons. Additionally, intrathecal administration of 20 µg/5 µl of Myr-Tat-CBD3 effectively mitigates carrageenan-induced declines in paw withdrawal latencies in rats, indicating its potential for pain relief. The compound also notably reduces cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, suggesting therapeutic potential in addiction treatment.

RWJ-52353 hydrochloride is a potent oral agonist of the α2D adrenergic receptor (Ki: 1.5 nM) with potential analgesic properties. It exhibits pain-relief activity in abdominal tests on rats and mice and reduces agitation in mice during the hot plate and tail flick tests. Furthermore, RWJ-52353 hydrochloride modulates the organic cation transporter (OCT) subtypes by inhibiting rOCT1 and rOCT2 with IC50 values of 100 μM and 20 μM, respectively, and activating rOCT3, influencing the transport of [3H]-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ([3H]MPP) in cells [1] [2].