ischemia

Mexiletine hydrochloride (KOE-1173 hydrochloride) is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker and a Class IB antiarrhythmic drug. Mexiletine hydrochloride exerts antiarrhythmic effects by inhibiting sodium current in myocardial cells, thereby reducing the rise rate of cardiac action potential (phase 0) and reducing the automaticity of Purkinje fibers.

DCPIB, a known specific and potent inhibitor of volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC),DCPIB displayed superior selectivity toward TRESK with an IC50 of 0.14 μM, demonstrating at least 100-fold higher affinity over TREK1/TRAAK channels.

Squalane is a lipid found in some fish oils (especially shark liver oil) and some vegetable oils. It has anticancer and antioxidant properties and is used as a skin moisturizer and emollient.

Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an endogenous transnitrosation donor involved in S-nitrosation of a variety of cellular proteins. GSNO, an exogenous NO donor and substrate of rat alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme, inhibits cerebral angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT1 receptor responses.

Palosuran (ACT-058362) (ACT-058362) is a new potent and specific antagonist of the human UT receptor.

YM90K (6-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-7-nitro-2,3(1H,4H)-) hydrochloride is an antagonist of AMPA receptor.

Mitochondrial fusion promoter M1, a modulator of mitochondrial dynamics, enhances mitochondrial function and cellular respiration, and has shown efficacy in reducing brain and cardiac damage in rats suffering from cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Atpenin A5 is a potent and highly specific complex II inhibitor (IC50 ~10 nM), as well as an effective mKATP channel agonist and cardioprotective agent [1].

Luteolinidin chloride is a natural product. It is a potent CD38 inhibitor which can protect the heart against I/R injury with preservation of eNOS function and prevention of endothelial dysfunction in vivo.

D-GsMTx4 TFA, a selective spider venom peptide, is a TRPC1/6 and Piezo2 inhibitor that inhibits cation-permeable mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) belonging to the Piezo and TRP channel families, blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels (SACs), and attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglia reactivity. toxicity and microglia reactivity.D-GsMTx4 TFA prevented myocardial infarction in a mouse model of ischemia/reperfusion and can be used to characterize the role of excitatory MSCs in normal physiology and pathology.

CB2 modulator 1 is a potent CB2 modulator. It can be used for the research for immune disorders, osteoporosis, inflammation, renal ischemia.

MEG hemisulfate (Mercaptoethylguanidine hemisulfate) acts as a highly potent and selective suppressor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), demonstrating EC50 values of 11.5 μM for iNOS, 110 μM for ecNOS, and 60 μM for bNOS in tissue homogenates. It is notably effective as a peroxynitrite scavenger and blocks peroxynitrite-triggered oxidative mechanisms. Furthermore, this compound offers protective benefits across various experimental inflammation prototypes, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, hemorrhagic shock, periodontitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and both endotoxic and septic shock.

Cronidipine (LF 20254), a calcium channel antagonist, is used potentially for the treatment of hypertension and myocardia ischemia.

(Rac)-Modipafantis an orally available and selective platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) antagonist that inhibits PAF-induced aggregation of washed platelets in rabbits, and can be used to study arthritis and ischemia reperfusion (I R) in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) of the rat.

Tirilazad mesylate (U 74006F) is a non-glucocorticoid, lipid peroxidation inhibitor with antiviral and neuroprotective activities. It confines intracellular intramembranous foci, attenuates spinal cord injuries induced by trauma, stroke, and ischemia/reperfusion injuries, inhibits toxins in dogs, and is used in the study of neurological disorders.

FK-330 (FR-260330) is a novel orally active inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor with potential anticancer and antitumor activity that prevents ischemia and reperfusion injury in rat liver transplantation.

Orotirelin(CG 3509), a thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog, reversed pentobarbital-induced sleep time.Orotirelin may be beneficial in animals with focal cerebral ischemia.

Raxofelast (IRFI-016) is a hydrophilic, non-systemic, vitamin-like antioxidant that reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in testis. Raxofelast is a good candidate compound for stopping oxidative stress after acute testicular torsion. Raxofelast has the potential to treat diabetic complications and atherosclerosis.

Sinitrodil (ITF-296) is a guanylate cyclase stimulant that may be used in the treatment of myocardial ischemia and angina pectoris.

Protectin D1 (Neuroprotectin D1) is a neuroprotectin produced by neuronal cells and is a potential cardioprotective agent.Protectin D1 attenuates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury and inhibits imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation by modulating the PI3K AKT signaling pathway.

Iodofiltic acid can be used in the adjuvant treatment of acute coronary syndromes (Zeus ACS) and can be imaged to detect myocardial ischemia.

Tienoxolol FA is a small molecule beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and in the study of hypertension and cardiac machine ischemia.

FK-330 dihydrate (FR-260330 dihydrate) is a novel and effective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. It can prevent ischemia and reperfusion injury in rat liver transplantation.

BIIB 722 Mesylate is a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibitor with cardioprotective properties and can be used to study myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction.