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(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone (Garcinia lactone) is an anti-obesity agent and a potent inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase, an enzyme that catalyzes the extramitochondrial cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA.

SB-334867 free base (SB334867A free base) is a selective orexin-1 (OX1) receptor antagonist. In CHO-OX1 cells, SB-334867 inhibits calcium responses mediated by the human OX1 receptor in a concentration-dependent manner, with a binding pKi value of 7.17 for the human OX1 receptor.

SB408124 is a non-peptide antagonist for OX1 receptor with Ki of 57 nM and 27 nM in both whole cell and membrane, respectively, exhibits 50-fold selectivity over OX2 receptor.

Linoleoyl Ethanolamide is an endocannabinoid agent. It acts by binding to TRPV1 increasing ERK phosphorylation and AP-1 dependent transcription in CB-receptor in an independent manner.

Nociceptin (1-13), amide is a potent ORL1 (OP4) receptor agonist, exhibiting a pEC50 of 7.9 in mouse vas deferens and a Ki of 0.75 nM for rat forebrain membrane binding.

HS024 is a highly potent melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (Ki values are 0.29, 18.6, 5.45 and 3.29 nM for cloned human MC4, MC1, MC3 and MC5 receptors respectively). Increases food intake, and blocks α-MSH- and MTII-induced hypotension and bradycardia in rats, following central administration in vivo.

Corticosterone (Kendall's compound B) is an adrenocortical steroid with salocorticoid and glucocorticoid activity that is orally active. Corticosterone is involved in the regulation of energy, immune responses, and stress responses in the body.

Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. This compound mimics GLP-1 to lower blood glucose levels and stimulates the growth of pancreatic β-cells responsible for insulin production and release. Additionally, Semaglutide inhibits the production of glucagon, a hormone that enhances glycogenolysis [the release of liver-stored carbohydrates] and gluconeogenesis [the synthesis of new glucose]. By reducing appetite and slowing gastric emptying, it also helps decrease food intake and aids in reducing body fat.

Trevogrumab (REGN-1033) is a fully human monoclonal antibody specifically designed to target and inhibit the activity of growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), which is also known as myostatin and functions as a negative regulator of muscle growth;Trevogrumab is currently under extensive research of sarcopenia, a complex condition characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and function often associated with aging, wasting atrophy, various chronic diseases, and significant alterations in dietary and nutritional intake.

Tirzepatide sodium is the sodium salt form of a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist peptide drug that enhances insulin secretion and improves glycemic control by simultaneously activating GIP and GLP-1 receptors. In research and clinical settings, Tirzepatide sodium has also demonstrated effects in reducing body weight and improving metabolic parameters, and is used in studies related to type 2 diabetes and metabolic disorders.

Y1 receptor antagonist 1 FA (221697-09-2 Free base) is a highly selective neuropeptide Y1 receptor antagonist that inhibits downstream G protein-coupled signaling pathways by competitively blocking the binding of NPY to the Y1 receptor. Y1 receptor antagonist 1 FA (221697-09-2 Free base) promotes trabecular bone formation and has the potential to regulate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone formation. In animal models, Y1 receptor antagonist 1 FA (221697-09-2 Free base) reduces food intake, body weight, and fat accumulation, making it useful for obesity research.

Dirlotapide (CP742033) is an MTP inhibitor, an intestine-selective microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor that reduces food intake by increasing peptide YY release, and is used for weight reduction in diabetic dogs.

SR-3306 is a brain-penetrant and selective pan-JNK (JNK1/2/3) inhibitor with IC50 values ​​of 67 nM, 283 nM, 159 nM, respectively, and reduces food intake and body weight.

Cevoglitazar (LBM-642) is a PPARɑ agonist and PPARγ agonist. Cevoglitazar potently reduces food intake and body weight in obese mice and cynomolgus monkeys.

Iron(II) fumarate (Iron Fumarate) is the iron(II) salt of fumaric acid, a reddish-orange powder, applied to supply iron intake.

3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is a metabolite of alkylresorcinols in human urine and plasma, a potential biomarker of food intake such as beer, nuts, peanuts, and legumes, and a selective hydroxycarboxylic acid 1 (HCA1) inhibitor.

Nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 derivative, is an inhibitor of SIRT1 (IC50=50-180 μM) and SIRT2 (IC50=2 μM). Nicotinamide can be used as a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD+, which can be supplemented by dietary intake and can prevent or treat melanoglossia and pellagra.

L-(+)-Arabinose selectively inhibits intestinal sucrase in a non-competitive manner, thereby preventing glucose elevation induced by sucrose intake.

1. Stearic acid (Cetylacetic acid) can reduce metastatic tumor burden. 2. Stearic acid leads to dramatically reduced visceral fat likely by causing the apoptosis of preadipocytes. 3. Stearic acid and its derivatives have been used as gelators in food and pharmaceutical gel formulations. 4. Stearic acid is a potent phosphatase 1B inhibitor, possibly causing an enhancement in the insulin receptor signaling to stimulate glucose uptake into adipocytes. 5. Stearic acid has the potential to increase dry matter intake and yields of milk and milk components, without affecting conversion of feed to milk, body condition score, or body weight.

Methyl syringate (Syringic Acid Methyl Ester) has a unique inhibitory activity toward aflatoxin production with a different mode of action from that of gallic acid. Methyl syringate from K. pictus is a specific and selective activator of hTRPA1, can regulate food intake and gastric emptying through a TRPA1-mediated pathway and, by extension, can contribute to weight suppression.

Heptadecanoic acid is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many "odd" length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat). Heptadecanoic acid constitutes 0.61% of milk fat and 0.83% of ruminant me

7-Keto DHEA binds to the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor. Studies 7-Keto DHEA reduces ethanol intake in rat models, indicating a modulatory effect on alcohol consumption behavior. 7-Keto DHEA therefore exhibits potential as a investigational compound of alcohol dependence disorders, contributing to the broader field of addiction research.

PRX-07034 hydrochloride is a selective antagonist of 5-HT6 receptor. It has cognition and memory-enhancing properties and potently decreases food intake and body weight in rodents. PRX-07034 hydrochloride is both a potent (Ki = 4-8 nM) and highly selective 5-HT(6) receptor antagonist (≥100-fold selectivity for the 5-HT(6) receptor compared to 68 other GPCRs, ion channels, and transporters, except D(3) (Ki = 71 nM) and 5-HT(1B) (Ki = 260 nM) receptors.

[D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y Acetate is a potent and selective agonist of neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide acetate Y is a significantly less potent agonist at the NPY Y1, Y2, Y4, and y6 receptors. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y Acetate markedly increases food intake in rats.