hearing

Dieckol, a rhizomycin found in some brown algae species, has antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, antiaging, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects, ameliorates acute hearing loss, and inhibits cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest in human tracheal fibroblasts via Hs680.Tr.

KX1-004, a potential protective drug for NIHL, is an effective small molecule inhibitor of Src-PTK.

AUT2 is a Kv3.1 channel modulator with the potential to treat sensory hyperreactivity in patients with FXS by shifting the activation of high-threshold currents to more negative potentials. This shift reduces high-threshold K+ currents and increases low-threshold K+ currents in neurons, restoring wave IV of the ABR. Due to its ability to regulate neuronal excitability, AUT2 is also promising for the treatment of hearing impairments.

Orc-13661 (BNP-13661) is a potent and well-tolerated oral active protective agent for the prevention of aminogrogycoside-induced hearing loss.

BF844 is a chemical compound that demonstrates the ability to mitigate hearing loss in individuals with Usher Syndrome Type III (USH3) caused by the CLRN1 mutation (specifically N48K). One of its mechanisms of action is the transportation of CLRN1 N48K to the plasma membrane. In vivo studies have shown that BF844 significantly preserves hearing [1].

Sodium thiosulfate (Pentahydrate) is an antioxidant and antifungal. Sodium thiosulfate protects against cisplatin-induced hearing loss in children and is not associated with serious adverse events attributed to its use[3]. The addition of sodium thiosulfate, administered 6 hours after cisplatin chemotherapy, resulted in a lower incidence of cisplatin-induced hearing loss among children with standard-risk hepatoblastoma, without jeopardizing overall or event-free survival[4]. Calciphylaxis is a potentially fatal disorder of abnormal calcium deposition. Treatment is multifaceted, and improved outcomes have been demonstrated with intravenous sodium thiosulfate; however, the use of this medication can be limited by its adverse effects[5]. TST (topical sodium thiosulfate) appears to be a relatively well-tolerated adjuvant treatment for CC(calcinosis cutis)[6]. The combined treatment of sodium thiosulfate, pamidronate and calcitomimetics has been effective and safe for the treatment of calciphylaxis, inducing complete remission[7].

NK1 Receptor Antagonist 2, a compound targeting the NK1 receptor, holds potential for tinnitus and hearing loss research.

Adenosine amine congener (ADAC) (ADAC) is an agonist of selective A1 adenosine receptor,.

(R)-Azasetron besylate (SENS-401), an orally active calcineurin inhibitor, has been demonstrated to mitigate cisplatin-induced hearing loss and cochlear damage [1][2].

VRT-534 is a compound that selectively targets connexin 26 (Cx26), demonstrating dose-responsive binding to both wild-type (WT) Cx26 and the mutant Cx26 K188N, with EC50 values of 19 μM and 5 μM, respectively. It has potential applications in research concerning hearing impairment [1].

NMB-1, a conopeptide analogue, selectively inhibits sustained mechanically activated currents in sensory neurons with an IC50 of 1 μM, attenuating mechanical pain. It is utilized in research pertaining to hearing and pressure-evoked pain [1] [2].

Ebselen derivative 1 (Compound 19), an orally active glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimic, exhibits notable protective effects against cisplatin-induced hair cell (HC) damage in both in vitro and in vivo settings. It significantly reduces oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ferroptosis in hair cells, making it useful in the study of cisplatin-induced hearing loss [1].

Kv3 modulator 5 (Example 5), a Kv3 channel modulator, enhances the Kv3.2 current and may be employed in research of hearing disorders [1].

(R)-Sortilin Antagonist 1 is a sortilin antagonist that blocks the sortilin-mediated cell apoptosis pathway by interfering with the binding of sortilin to its ligand, pro-neurotrophin. This compound is utilized in research aimed at preventing or treating hearing loss.

LY3056480 is a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) that inhibits Notch signaling. It demonstrates potential in improving mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss while maintaining a good safety and tolerance profile. Administered intratympanically, LY3056480 can induce hair cell regeneration and partial hearing restoration in mammals.

Avenanthramide C is an orally available natural alkaloid with antioxidant inflammatory properties that reduces the expression of TNF-a, BAK, IL-1b, and Bcl-2; reverses memory and behavioral deficits in Alzheimer's disease, with a reduction in caspase-3 cleavage and an increase in levels of pS9GSK-3β and IL-10, is able to bind α1A adrenergic and stimulate AMPK; can attenuate noise and drug-induced hearing loss.