double-stranded

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium (Poly(I:C) sodium) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5).

Prexasertib (LY2606368) is a selective checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) inhibitor (Ki 0.9 nM, IC50<1 nM). Prexasertib causes double-stranded DNA breaks and replication mutations, leading to apoptosis. Prexasertib has antitumor activity.

Prexasertib dihydrochloride (LY2606368) is an ATP-competitive CHK1 inhibitor (Ki: 0.9 nmol/L). in the cell-free assay, its IC50 values are 8 nM and 9 nM for CHK2 and RSK, respectively.

Calf thymus DNA (DNA from calf thymus, thymonucleic acid) is a high-quality double-stranded template DNA extracted from bovine thymus. Calf thymus DNA (DNA from calf thymus, thymonucleic acid) is widely applicable in research on DNA-binding anticancer agents, DNA structure and function, and DNA-binding agents.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) is a synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analog and an agonist of TLR3 as well as retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5). It can induce innate immune responses in mammals and serve as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance both innate and adaptive immunity, while modulating the tumor microenvironment and directly inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Poly(I:C) is commonly used to establish acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) animal models for studying immune responses and disease mechanisms.

2'-Deoxyadenosine (NSC-141848) is the DNA nucleoside A. It pairs with deoxythymidine (T) in double-stranded DNA.

Pyrimidine (Metadiazine)s are heterocyclic, six-membered, nitrogen-containing carbon ring structures, with uracil, cytosine and thymine being the basal structures of ribose-containing nucleosides (uridine, cytidine, and thymidine respectively), or deoxyribose-containing deoxynucleosides, and their corresponding ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides. Pyrimidines serve essential functions in human metabolism as ribonucleotide bases in RNA (uracil and cytosine), and as deoxyribonucleotide bases in DNA (cytosine and thymine), and are linked by phosphodiester bridges to purine nucleotides in double-stranded DNA, in both the nucleus and the mitochondria. Pyrimidine activated sugars are also involved in polysaccharide and phospholipid synthesis, glucuronidation in detoxification processes, glycosylation of proteins and lipids and in the recently identified novel endothelium-derived vasoactive dinucleotides.

Irinotecan (CPT-11), a derivative of camptothecin, is an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I). Irinotecan has antitumor activity by preventing DNA strand reattachment through binding to the Topo I complex, resulting in double-stranded DNA breaks and cell death.

Benzoquinoquinoxaline (BQQ) is a heterocyclic compound with aminoalkyl side chains containing benzo and quinoline ring structures.BQQ is triple-helix specific stabilizing compounds by preferentially binding to DNA triple junctions and inserting between the bases.Complexes of BQQ with 1,10-phenanthroline are able to bind specifically to and cleave double-stranded DNA at the cleave double-stranded DNA at sites that form triple structures.

DMNB (6-Nitroveratraldehyde) is DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor with IC50 of 15 μM, an enzyme involved in the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway of double-stranded DNA break (DSB) repair in human cells.

2',3'-cGAMP is an endogenous cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) produced by cGAS (cGAMP synthase) in response to double-stranded DNA in the cytoplasm. It acts as a STING activator and ligand, inducing interferons (IFNs) via the TBK1/IRF3 pathway and pro-inflammatory factors via the NF-κB pathway.

Duocarmycin TM belongs to natural products, serving as a DNA alkylating agent with sequence-selective double-stranded DNA alkylation capability, featuring high cell permeability and potent antitumor activity, for targeted therapy including drug-resistant and low-proliferative tumors.

Furamidine is also a selective and cell-permeable protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 9.4 μM. Furamidine is selective for PRMT1 over PRMT5, PRMT6, and PRMT4 (CARM1) (IC50s of 166 μM, 283 μM, and >400 μM, respectively). Furamidine (DB75) is abisbenzamidine derivative and an antiparasite agent. Furamidine is a potent, reversible and competitive tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP-1) inhibitor. Inhibition of TDP-1 by Furamidine is effective both with single- and double-stranded DNA substrates but is slightly stronger with the duplex DNA.

Neocarzinostatin is an effective DNA-damaging, anti-tumor antibiotic. It recognizes double-stranded DNA bulge and induces DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Neocarzinostatin leads to apoptosis. Neocarzinostatin has potential for EpCAM-positive cancer treatment.

OAF89 is a small molecule capable of interacting with G-Quadruplexes (G4s) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). It exhibits an IC50 of 1.07 μM in normal lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells.

KWR095 is an orally active inhibitor of WRN, demonstrating an IC50 of 0.032 μM against WRN ATPase. It disrupts the double-stranded helicase activity of WRN and inhibits tumor cell proliferation, exhibiting antitumor properties.

N6-Benzoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine monohydrate is a nucleoside analogue that helps diagnose bacterial infections by binding to double-stranded DNA and altering its structure, which can subsequently be detected using electrophoresis.

ISD (interferon stimulatory DNA) sodium is a 45 bp double-stranded non-CpG oligomer derived from the genome of Listeria monocytogenes. Upon transfection into cells, ISD sodium significantly boosts the expression of IFN-β. This ISD-induced response is mediated by the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway.

Menogaril is a potent orally active anthracycline antitumor agent. It can easily penetrate cancer cells and cleave double-stranded DNA. Menogaril is applicable to cancer research, such as for malignant lymphoma.

CEBPA-51 saRNA is a double-stranded RNA oligonucleotide designed to specifically upregulate the transcription of the CEBPA gene. It includes several 2′-O-methyl modified bases that help inhibit nonspecific immune stimulation activity.

Headpiece is a short, double-stranded DNA linked covalently, serving as the starting point for synthesizing DNA encoded libraries (DELs). At each step of chemical synthesis, compounds are encoded by combining DNA tags with the Headpiece using DNA ligase. Finally, a primer for PCR amplification is added to complete the library synthesis/encoding process.

TDG-IN-1 is an orally active, selective small molecule inhibitor of thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) with a Ka of 1.46 nM. It disrupts TDG's DNA binding ability, induces downregulation of DHX9 expression, leads to double-stranded RNA accumulation, and activates the RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS pathway. Additionally, it acts as a tumor suppressor, innate immune activator, and immune stimulator. TDG-IN-1 inhibits the growth of p53-deficient tumor cells and xenografts, exhibiting a synthetic lethal effect with p53. This compound is useful for research in p53-deficient cancers.

ALR2/α-GLY-IN-1 is a potent dual-target inhibitor, targeting aldose reductase (ALR2) and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 0.72 μM and 0.82 μM, respectively, and Ki values of 1.67 μM and 1.37 μM. It also functions as a DNA-binding agent, interacting stably with calf thymus double-stranded DNA through groove-binding and non-covalent interactions such as water-bridged hydrogen bonds. ALR2/α-GLY-IN-1 is applicable in research related to diabetes and its complications.

PROTAC PARP1 degrader-5 is a PARP1 PROTAC degrader with a DC50 of 0.12 μM. This compound promotes the sustained degradation of PARP1 by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteasome system through the catalytic formation of a ternary complex. It induces DNA damage, resulting in the accumulation of minimal amounts of cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA within tumor cells and increases PD-L1 expression on their surface. When encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles, PROTAC PARP1 degrader-5 demonstrates tumor growth inhibition in a mouse melanoma model. This compound is applicable in cancer research, including studies on melanoma.