β-endorphin

β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) acetate, existing in the hypophysis cerebri and hypothalamus, exhibits antinociception activity. β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) acetate is an agonist of opioid receptor, showing preferred affinity for μ-opioid receptor and δ-opioid

β-Endorphin (β-EP) is an endogenous opioid neuropeptide with diverse biological activities. It is produced via piomelanocortin cleavage in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and in lymphocytes, then migrates to its sites of action which include plasma, gut, skin, placenta, cerebrospinal fluid, and cardiac tissues. β-EP induces concentration-dependent decreases in electrically stimulated contraction of the mouse vas deferens that can be reversed by the μ-opioid antagonist CTP and δ-opioid antagonist ICI 174,864. In vivo, β-EP (5 μg, i.c.v.) slows gastrointestinal transit in mice. β-EP (0.5 or 5 μg, i.c.v.) stimulates food intake in rats for 4 to 6 hours, however, this effect is not prolonged with continuous infusion. It antagonizes the appetite-suppressive effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) for the first three days post administration. β-EP also reduces paralytic demyelination induced by the murine coronavirus MHV-JHM in immunocompetent, but not irradiated or immune-incompetent, mice and rats.

β-Endorphin (1-27) is an endogenous peptide that binds to μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors (Kis = 5.31, 6.17, and 39.82 nM, respectively, in COS-1 cells expressing rat receptors). It binds to rat and mouse brain membrane preparations (IC50s = 1.1 and 5.7 nM, respectively) and induces chemotaxis of human monocytes in vitro when used at a concentration of 1 nM. Intracerebroventricular administration of β-endorphin (1-27) increases the latency to tail withdrawal in response to thermal stimulation in mice with a median antinociceptive dose (AD50) of 1,500 pmol per animal. It inhibits antinociception induced by β-endorphin in mice in response to thermal stimuli when administered at a dose of 65 pmol per animal. In rats, β-endorphin (1-27) does not affect drug-associated place preference when administered at doses up to 20 μg, i.c.v., but inhibits β-endorphin-induced place preference when administered at a dose of 10 μg per animal.

Acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) is a neuropeptide found in rat hippocampus, brain stem, and pituitary. It is also present in the human hypothalamus, where it comprises approximately 4.9% of total β-endorphin peptides. Acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) is produced through posttranslational processing of β-endorphin and is processed similarly in rat and human hypothalamus. Levels of acetyl β-endorphin (1-26) increase in the rat pars intermedia and brain stem following chronic administration of haloperidol .

β-Endorphin, equine TFA, an endogenous opioid peptide, demonstrates high affinity binding to μ/δ opioid receptors and possesses analgesic properties [1] [2] [3] [4].

β-Endorphin is an endogenous opioid neuropeptide and opioid receptor agonist that preferentially binds to μ-opioid receptors. Produced by specific neurons within the central and peripheral nervous system, it is one of three endorphins synthesized in humans. It functions to alleviate stress, maintain homeostasis, and regulate neurological pain perception [1].

β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) is an opioid antagonist that selectively binds to μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors, with dissociation constants (Kis) of 5.31, 6.17, and 39.82 nM, respectively. It inhibits analgesia induced by both β-Endorphin and etorphine [1][2].

β-Endorphin, rat (β-Lipotropin 61-91), is a neuropeptide involved in cardiovascular regulation and induces significant, lasting muscular rigidity and immobility similar to catatonia in rats [1] [2].

β-Endorphin, equine (TFA) is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors.

Endorphin Beta is A substance produced in the brain, especially in the pituitary gland, Endorphin Beta blocks the sensation of pain. Endorphin Beta is produced in response to pain, exercise, and other forms of stress. Endorphin Beta belongs to a group of

Biocytin-β-endorphin, human is a biotin-labeled version of β-endorphin, human. β-Endorphin, human, an essential endogenous peptide found in the pituitary and hypothalamus, acts as an opioid receptor agonist with greater affinity for μ-opioid and δ-opioid receptors. It is known for its pain-relieving properties.

Acetyl-β-Endorphin (human) is a polypeptide identified through polypeptide screening, a research tool primarily using immunoassays to gather active polypeptides. This method is useful for protein interactions, functional analysis, antigen epitope screening, and particularly in the study and development of active molecules.

N-Acetyl-α-Endorphin acetate is an acetylated α-Endorphin at N-terminal. α-Endorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide.

N-Acetyl-α-Endorphin is a chemical compound consisting of α-Endorphin that has been acetylated at the N-terminal. α-Endorphin, in turn, is an endogenous opioid peptide.

β-Endorphin, human, a prominent endogenous peptide found in the hypophysis cerebri and hypothalamus, is an agonist of [opioid receptor].

alpha-Endorphin acetate is related peptides of the pro-opiomelanocortin family with characteristic biological activities, were purified to homogeneity from single human pituitary.

[Des-Tyr1]-gamma-Endorphin is a neuropeptide found in human cerebrospinal fluid. It exhibits antidepressant activity, helps eliminate active avoidance behaviors in rats, and reduces passive avoidance behaviors in these animals.

Isoferulic acid (Hesperetate) exhibits hypoglycemic properties.

α-Neoendorphin (1-8) is an 8-amino acid peptide derived from the N-terminal of α-Neoendorphin, an endogenous opioid peptide. Part of the neoendorphins, these peptides are generated through the proteolytic cleavage of prodynorphin, isolated from porcine hypothalamus and pituitary.

beta-Neoendorphin acetate is an agonist of κ-opioid receptor

Glycyl-glutamine (Glycyl-L-glutamine monohydrate) is an inhibitory neuropeptide derived from beta-endorphin.

Bis[2-(succinimidooxycarbonyloxy)ethyl] sulfone functions as a bifunctional amine-reactive crosslinker, facilitating the conjugation of β-endorphin with opioid receptors. It is utilized as the sulfone derivative of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) succinimide (BES) and plays a critical role in peptide and protein synthesis, as well as in studying enzyme reaction mechanisms.

WB4-24 is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that enhances the release of β-endorphin in microglia. It exhibits antiallodynic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects in mouse models of inflammation induced by formalin, carrageenan, and CFA.

Shanzhiside methylester reduces neuropathic pain by activating spinal GLP-1 receptors and subsequently stimulating microglial β-endorphin expression via the p38 MAPK signaling.