α-glucose

α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate is abis-phosphorylated derivative of α-D-glucose that has roles in carbohydrate metabolism.1It is the product of the reaction of glucose-1- or 6-phosphate with glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase (PGM2LI) in the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate.2It is also a cofactor for the bacterial enzyme phosphopentomutase.3,4α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate has been used in the study of carbohydrate metabolism. 1.Beitner, R.Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by glucose 1,6-bisphosphate in extrahepatic tissues; comparison with fructose 2,6-bisphosphateInt. J. Biochem.22(6)553-557(1990) 2.Maliekal, P., Sokolova, T., Vertommen, D., et al.Molecular identification of mammalian phosphopentomutase and glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase, two members of the α-D-phosphohexomutase familyJ. Biol. Chem.282(44)31844-31851(2007) 3.Moustafa, H.M.A., Zaghloul, T.I., and Zhang, Y.-H.P.A simple assay for determining activities of phosphopentomutase from a hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritimaAnal. Biochem.50175-81(2016) 4.Panosian, T.D., Nannemann, D.P., Watkins, G.R., et al.Bacillus cereus phosphopentomutase is an alkaline phosphatase family member that exhibits an altered entry point into the catalytic cycleJ. Biol. Chem.286(10)8043-8054(2011)

UDP-α-D-Glucose sodium hydrate is an endogenous metabolite and a pyrimidine nucleotide sugar, involved in glycosylation reactions during metabolic processes, serving as a precursor and substrate for enzymes in the synthesis of glycogen and sucrose.

UDP-β-D-Glucose is the stereoisomer of UDP-α-D-glucose (sodium salt) . The activities of the UDP-β-D-glucose isomer are not known.

4,6-O-Ethylidene-α-D-glucose (Ethylidene-glucose), a derivative of glucose, serves as a competitive inhibitor for the exofacial binding site of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), exhibiting a Ki of 12 mM against wild-type 2-deoxy-D-glucose transport.

α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium hydrate is used in various medical and biochemical applications, including as a precursor in the synthesis of glucuronic acid, a cytostatic compound vital for cardiopathic therapy, an antibiotic, an immunosuppressive agent, and a component in circulatory system therapy [1].

Kaempferol 3,7-bis(α-L-rhamnose-D-glucose) (compound 1), a flavonoid glycoside, is found in Euonymus fortunei.

Alpha-D-glucose hydrate is a monosaccharide and the most common form of glucose, playing a vital role in energy metabolism as the primary energy source for many cells. It is also a building block of larger carbohydrates such as starch and glycogen. The "α" prefix refers to the orientation of the hydroxyl group attached to the first carbon atom. In solution, alpha-D-glucose exists as a hydrate, bound to water molecules.

α-D-Glucose pentaacetate (Penta-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose) is a synthetic carbohydrate compound.

4-O-[4,6-O-(Phenylmethylene)-α-D-glucopyranosyl]-D-glucose is a biochemical reagent used in glycoscience research. This field studies the structure, synthesis, biology, and evolution of sugars, involving carbohydrate chemistry, glycan formation and degradation enzymology, protein-glycan recognition, and the role of glycans in biological systems. It is closely related to fundamental research, biomedicine, and biotechnology.

α-D-Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate is a diphosphorylated compound derived from α-D-glucose, playing a role in carbohydrate metabolism. It is the product of the reaction between glucose 1-phosphate or glucose 6-phosphate and glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase (PGM2LI), which converts 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate. Additionally, it acts as a cofactor for the bacterial enzyme phosphopentose isomerase.

2-Keto-D-Glucose (D-Glucosone) is a key intermediate in a secondary metabolic pathway leading to the antibiotic Cortalcerone, and is found in various natural sources, including fungi, algae, and shellfish.

Azido-PEG4-beta-D-glucose is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based linker compound crucial for the efficient synthesis of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

Azido-PEG4-tetra-Ac-beta-D-glucose is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based PROTAC linker used for PROTAC synthesis[1].

Propargyl-PEG4-beta-D-glucose is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatized PROTAC linker used in the synthesis of PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

Propargyl-PEG4-tetra-Ac-beta-D-glucose, a PEG-based PROTAC linker, facilitates the synthesis of PROTACs [1].

Propargyl-PEG2-beta-D-glucose, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derived linker compound, is specifically designed for the synthesis of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs)[1].

Mal-Bal-Ph(β-D-Glucose)-7-MAD-MDCPT serves as a drug-linker conjugate for ADC (antibody-drug conjugate) synthesis.

3-Fluoro-evodiamine glucose (Compound 8) is an evodiamine-glucose conjugate. It enhances the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and inhibits topoisomerase I/II activity. Additionally, 3-Fluoro-evodiamine glucose induces apoptosis and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. This compound demonstrates anti-tumor activity both in vivo and in vitro, with no significant toxicity observed.

2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-Glucose (2-FG) is a derivative of glucose with anticancer activity.1It inhibits the growth of 143B osteosarcoma cells grown under normoxic and hypoxic conditions when used at concentrations of 6 and 24 mM.

2-deoxy-D-Glucose-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 2-deoxy-D-glucose by GC- or LC-MS. 2-deoxy-D-Glucose is a glucose antimetabolite and an inhibitor of glycolysis. It inhibits hexokinase, the enzyme that converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, as well as phosphoglucose isomerase, the enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.

ADP-Glucose (ADPG) is an immediate precursor used in the biosynthesis, by glucose addition, of storage polysaccharides in plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, as well as structural polysaccharides in certain bacteria.[1],[2] It is used by amylose synthases or starch synthases in plastids in the production of amylose, amylopectins, starch, and other polysaccharides. ADPG is normally generated within plastids, although it can be biosynthesized in the cytoplasm of certain grasses and imported into plastids by a membrane-bound transporter.[3]

1-thio-β-D-Glucose tetraacetate is a building block.1,2It has been used in the synthesis of aromatic glucosinolates with anti-inflammatory activity, as well as glucosylated poly(pentafluorostyrene) derivatives for coating magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. 1.Vo, Q.V., Trenerry, C., Rochfort, S., et al.Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of aromatic glucosinolatesBioorg. Med. Chem.21(19)5945-5954(2013) 2.Babiuch, K., Wyrwa, R., Wagner, K., et al.Functionalized, biocompatible coating for superparamagnetic nanoparticles by controlled polymerization of a thioglycosidic monomerBiomacromolecules12(3)681-691(2011)

2-Deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphate disodium is a glucose analog that inhibits glycolysis and inhibits the function of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase.

Glucose 1-dehydrogenase, also known as glucose dehydrogenase (FAD)/Pseudomonas glucose dehydrogenase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glucose and NAD(P) into NAD(P)H and gluconic acid, serving as a cofactor regeneration mechanism [1].