use disorders

(5R)-BW-4030W92, the active enantiomer of BW-4030W92, is an orally available, non-selective, voltage-dependent, and use-dependent sodium channel antagonist used in the study of neurological disorders.

Ipratropium bromide monohydrate (Ipratropium bromide hydrate) is a muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.

Prazosin hydrochloride (Vasoflex) reduces peripheral resistance and relaxes vascular smooth muscles as a selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist by a mechanism not completely known. Prazosin hydrochloride is a synthetic piperazine derivative with hypotensive antiadrenergic properties, It is used in the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, pheochromocytoma, Raynaud's syndrome, prostatic hypertrophy, and urinary retention.

Trans-Tranilast is an antiallergic drug developed by Kissei Pharmaceuticals. It was approved in 1982 for use in Japan and South Korea for bronchial asthma. Indications for keloid and hypertrophic scar were added in 1993. It has been used for the treatment of allergic disorders such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.

Desmopressin acetate is a synthetic replacement for vasopressin, which reduces urine production. Medical use of Desmopressin acetate includes: (a) bed wetting; (b) diabetes insipidus; (c) nighttime urination; (d) clotting disorders.

Ipsapirone, a pyrimidinylpiperazine ligand, is potent and specific for 5-HT1A receptors and has potential therapeutic use in affective disorders.

Octanoic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of octanoic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Octanoic acid is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid. It has been found in Teleme cheeses made from goat, ovine, or bovine milk.1 Octanoic acid is active against the bacteria S. mutans, S. gordonii, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis (IC80s = <125, <125, 1,403, and 2,294 μM, respectively).2 Levels of octanoic acid are increased in the plasma of patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency, an inborn error of fatty acid metabolism characterized by hypoketotic hypoglycemia, medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria, and intolerance to fasting.3,4 |1. Mallatou, H., Pappa, E., and Massouras, T. Changes in free fatty acids during ripening of Teleme cheese made with ewes', goats', cows' or a mixture of ewes' and goats' milk. Int. Dairy J. 13(1-3), 211-219 (2003).|2. Hyang, C.B., Alimova, Y., Myers, T.M., et al. Short- and medium-chain fatty acids exhibit antimicrobial activity for oral microorganisms. Arch. Oral Biol. 56(7), 650-654 (2011).|3. Onkenhout, W., Venizelos, V., van der Poel, P.F.H., et al. Identification and quantification of intermediates of unsaturated fatty acid metabolism in plasma of patients with fatty acid oxidation disorders. Clin. Chem. 41(10), 1467-1474 (1995).|4. Rinaldo, P., O'Shea, J.J., Coates, P.M., et al. Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Diagnosis by stable-isotope dilution measurement of urinary n-hexanoylglycine and 3-phenylpropionylglycine. N. Engl. J. Med. 319(20), 1308-1313 (1988).

KQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPPS is a Exendin-4 peptide derivative. Exendin-4 is a pure GLP-1 receptor agonist. Exendin-4 peptide derivatives are structurally derived from Exendin-4 and may relates to dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonists. Their medical use, for example in the treatment of disorders of the metabolic syndrome, including diabetes and obesity, as well as for reduction of excess food intake. These dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonists show reduced activity on the GIP receptor to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia[1]. [1]. US20150315260 A1

Ristocetin A, a glycopeptide related to vancomycin, is an antibiotic produced by the microorganism Nocardia lurida[1]. Ristocetin A is currently in clinical use to treat bacterial infections [1]. Ristocetin A is an antibiotic which can be used to treat staphylococcal infections. The side effects of ristocetin A include thrombocytopenia and platelet agglutination. Ristocetin A has been used in two assays: the ristocetin cofactor assay and the ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation assay. These two assays could be used to diagnosis the von Willebrand disease and other bleeding disorders [2, 3]. The structural features of Ristocetin A are similar to vancomycin.

Ipratropium Free Base is a muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.

1. Curculigoside (Curculigoside A) can prevent bone loss , improve osteogenesis and inhibit osteoclastogenesis of hAFSCs, suggesting its potential use to regulate hAFSC osteogenic differentiation for treating bone disorders. 2. Curculigoside can promote calcium deposition and increase the levels of ALP and Runx2 in osteoblasts under oxidative stress via anti-oxidative character. 3. Curculigoside possesses potent antioxidant properties against oxidative stress insults. can protect endothelial cells against oxidative injury induced by H2O2, suggesting that this compound may constitute a promising intervention against cardiovascular disorders.

Ph-HTBA, a high-affinity, brain-penetrating modulator for CaMKIIα, exhibits a binding affinity with a Kd value of 757 nM. It holds potential for use in research related to ischemia and neurodegenerative disorders.

Zelminemab (AMG-301) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor (ADCYAP1R1) for use in neurological disorders.

Dectrekumab (QAX576) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting IL-13 that reduces the number of eosinophils in the epithelium of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), ameliorates transcriptional dysregulation associated with esophageal disease, and is indicated for use in the study of immune system disorders.

WAY-215718 is an active molecule. It is a potent and selective serotonin 5-HT6 receptor antagonist, exhibiting significant efficacy in targeting cognitive impairment and memory enhancement [5HT6]. Its pharmacological profile includes high binding affinity and specificity to the 5-HT6 receptor, making it a promising candidate for therapeutic use in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders.

UWA-101 hydrochloride is a selective, non-cytotoxic inhibitor of DAT/SERT, demonstrating EC50 values of 3.6 µM for DAT and 2.3 µM for SERT inhibition. It mitigates motor disorders and other side effects associated with dopaminergic agent use (e.g., L-DOPA) without exhibiting psychotropic effects. This compound is utilized in research focused on neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's disease [1] [2].

JJC8-088, a potent DAT inhibitor, is derived from Modafinil and serves as a novel ligand. This compound is utilized in research on psychostimulant use disorders [1].

JJC8-091 is a powerful DAT inhibitor, useful for researching psychostimulant use disorders [1].

JJC8-088 dioxalate, a dioxalate salt form of JJC8-088, is a derivative of modafinil. This compound acts as an inhibitor of the dopamine transporter (DAT). In rat models, JJC8-088 dioxalate exhibits behavioral characteristics similar to those of cocaine, making it useful for research into stimulant use disorders.