j 78

J-78 is a bioactive chemical.

HLY78 (4-Ethyl-5-methyl-5,6-dihydro-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-j]phenanthridine) targets the DIX domain of Axin, is an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and can enhance Axin-LRP6 binding to promote Wnt signaling.

2-deoxy-D-Glucose-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 2-deoxy-D-glucose by GC- or LC-MS. 2-deoxy-D-Glucose is a glucose antimetabolite and an inhibitor of glycolysis.1,2It inhibits hexokinase, the enzyme that converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, as well as phosphoglucose isomerase, the enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.32-deoxy-D-Glucose (16 mM) induces apoptosis in SK-BR-3 cells, as well as inhibits the growth of 143B osteosarcoma cells cultured under hypoxic conditions when used at a concentration of 2 mg ml.4,5In vivo, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (500 mg kg) reduces tumor growth in 143B osteosarcoma and MV522 non-small cell lung cancer mouse xenograft models when used alone or in combination with doxorubicin or paclitaxel .6 1.Kang, H.T., and Hwang, E.S.2-Deoxyglucose: An anticancer and antiviral therapeutic, but not any more a low glucose mimeticLife Sci.78(12)1392-1399(2006) 2.Aft, R.L., Zhang, F.W., and Gius, D.Evaluation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a chemotherapeutic agent: Mechanism of cell deathBr. J. Cancer87(7)805-812(2002) 3.Ralser, M., Wamelink, M.M., Struys, E.A., et al.A catabolic block does not sufficiently explain how 2-deoxy-D-glucose inhibits cell growthProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA105(46)17807-17811(2008) 4.Liu, H., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.Hypoxia increases tumor cell sensitivity to glycolytic inhibitors: A strategy for solid tumor therapy (Model C)Biochem. Pharmacol.64(12)1745-1751(2002) 5.Zhang, X.D., Deslandes, E., Villedieu, M., et al.Effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on various malignant cell lines in vitroAnticancer Res.26(5A)3561-3566(2006) 6.Maschek, G., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.2-deoxy-D-glucose increases the efficacy of adriamycin and paclitaxel in human osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancers in vivoCancer Res.64(1)31-34(2004)

Givinostat (ITF-2357) is an HDAC inhibitor with IC50 values of 198 nM for HDAC1 and 157 nM for HDAC3.

Nanangenine F is a drimane sesquiterpene fungal metabolite that has been found inA. nanangensis.1It is active againstB. subtilis(IC50= 78 μg/ml) and cytotoxic to NS-1, DU145, and MCF-7 cancer and NFF non-cancerous cells (IC50s = 49, 95, 49, and 84 μg/ml, respectively). 1.Lacey, H.J., Gilchrist, C.L.M., Crombie, A., et al.Nanangenines: Drimane sesquiterpenoids as the dominant metabolite cohort of a novel Australian fungus, Aspergillus nanangensisBeilstein J. Org. Chem.152631-2643(2019)

Pyrithiamine hydrobromide, an inhibitor of thiamine metabolism that acts as a substrate for thiamine pyrophosphate kinase, causes neurologic symptoms similar to wernickke - korsakoff syndrome in animals.

1-Heptadecanoyl-rac-glycerol is a monoacylglycerol that contains heptadecanoic acid at the sn-1 position. It is active against the bacteria E. aerogens, E. cloacae, P. mirabilis, and S. faecalis (MIC = 78 μg/ml for all).1 1-Heptadecanoyl-rac-glycerol has been found in T. africana, I. sonorae, and wheat bran.1,2,3 |1. Kuete, V., Metuno, R., Ngameni, B., et al. Antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extracts and compounds from Treculia africana and Treculia acuminata (Moraceae). S. Afr. J. Bot. 74(1), 111-115 (2008).|2. Fernández-Galicia, E., Calada, F., Roman-Romos, R., et al. Monoglycerides and fatty acids from Ibervillea sonorae root: Isolation and hypoglycemic activity. Planta Med. 73(3), 236-240 (2007).|3. Prinsen, P., Gutiérrez, A., Faulds, C.B., et al. Comprehensive study of valuable lipophilic phytochemicals in wheat bran. J. Agric. Food Chem. 62(7), 1664-1673 (2014).