dementia

Rosiridin (6'-O-Deacetylrosiridoside C) has cardioprotective activity.

sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine (Choline glycerophosphate) is a natural choline compound found in the brain and in milk. It is also a parasympathomimetic acetylcholine precursor which may have a potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine rapidly delivers choline to the brain across the blood–brain barrier and is a biosynthetic precursor of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter. It is a non-prescription drug in most countries due to its Generally Recognised As Safe (GRAS) status [1]. Studies have investigated its efficacy for cognitive disorders including stroke and Alzheimer's disease. An Italian multicentre clinical trial on 2, 044 patients suffering from recent stroke were supplied Glycerylphosphorylcholine in doses of 1, 000 mg day for 28 days and 400 mg three times per day for the five ensuing months. The trial confirmed the therapeutic role of alpha-GPC on the cognitive recovery of patients based on four measurement scales, three of which reached statistical significance [2].

Lactacystin is an orally active, irreversible, and cell-permeable proteasome inhibitor (IC50 = 4.8 μM) that also inhibits the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin A. It induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, possesses anticancer, antiviral, and antioxidant activities, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and is commonly used in the construction of Parkinson’s disease and dementia models.

Timosaponin BII (Prototimosaponin A III) exhibits anti-dementia and antioxidant activities, with potential applications in treating type 2 diabetes. It can inhibit the up-regulation of BACE1 and reduce the over-production of β-CTF and Aβ in rat retina induced by FeCl.

D-Trimannuronic acid is an alginate oligomer that originates from seaweed. It can induce TNF-α secretion by mouse macrophage cell lines, making it valuable in pain and vascular dementia research [1][2][3].

D-Tetramannuronic acid, an alginate oligomer derived from marine brown algae and certain Gram-negative bacteria, is a valuable compound for pain and vascular dementia research [4].

D-Pentamannuronic acid is an alginate oligomer, synthesized by marine brown algae and a select group of Gram-negative bacteria. This chemical compound is valuable for research related to pain and vascular dementia[4].

D-Hexamannuronic acid, an alginate oligomer, is derived from marine brown algae and a restricted group of Gram-negative bacteria. This compound serves as a valuable tool for investigating pain and vascular dementia [4].

1. Parishin B can prevent vascular dementia.

D-Heptamannuronic acid, an alginate oligomer derived from marine brown algae and select Gram-negative bacteria, serves as a valuable research tool in the study of pain and vascular dementia [4].

D-Octamannuronic acid, an alginate oligomer, is derived from marine brown algae and a restricted group of Gram-negative bacteria. It is utilized in research focused on the study of pain and vascular dementia [4].

Smilagenin acetate, a sapogenin derivative, upregulates acetylcholine M2 receptor expression in cell assays, positioning it as a candidate for dementia research.

1. Nicotiflorin (Kaempferol-3-O-Rutinoside) has potential therapeutic effects on cerebral ischemic illness. 2. Nicotiflorin has protective effects on reducing memory dysfunction, energy metabolism failure and oxidative stress in multi-infarct dementia model rats.

Hispidin is a polyphenol originally, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties

Oxyphyllacinol is a compound isolated from the fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla with potential antioxidant and anti-aging activity for dementia research.

D-Nonamannuronic acid, an alginate oligomer derived from marine brown algae and certain Gram-negative bacteria, serves as an investigative compound in pain and vascular dementia research [1] [2] [3] [4].

Erucic acid sodium, a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) extracted from the seeds of rapeseed, readily crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It normalizes the accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the brain, enhances cognitive function, and effectively prevents dementia.