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Trometamol hydrochloride (TRIS hydrochloride) (Tromethamine hydrochloride) is a biologically inert amino alcohol with low toxicity. Trometamol hydrochloride buffers carbon dioxide and acids in vitro and in vivo. Trometamol hydrochloride is an effective amine compound for pH control in the physiological range.

Boscalid is a broad-spectrum carboxamide fungicide that inhibits fungal respiration by binding to the ubiquinone site of mitochondrial complex II succinate dehydrogenase.1It suppresses mycelial growth ofS. minorby 87 to 100% and ofS. sclerotiorumby 77 to 100% when used at a concentration of 1 μg ml.2In field studies, boscalid applied at 5.6 μg cm2provides 55.5 and 30.4% disease control for lettuce drop caused byS. minorandS. sclerotiorum, respectively. It decreases cell viability of mouse primary cortical neurons following long-term exposure but is not cytotoxic (LC50= >100 μM for acute and continuous exposure). Formulations containing boscalid have been used in agriculture to prevent fungal growth on crops. 1.Wang, Y., Duan, Y., Wang, J., et al.A new point mutation in the iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase confers resistance to boscalid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorumMol. Plant Pathol.16(7)653-661(2015) 2.Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M.Activity of boscalid, fenhexamid, fluazinam, fludioxonil, and vinclozolin on growth of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum and development of lettuce dropPlant Dis.88(6)665-668(2004)

Etoxazole is an acaricide/insecticide that works via chitin biosynthesis inhibition for the control of mites. Used as a standard for Pesticide detection.

Oleylamine is a long-chain primary amine with surfactant properties, widely used in industry, soluble in a variety of organic solvents and insoluble in water. cis-1-Amino-9-octadecene can control the morphology of nanoparticles and prevent aggregation and to reduce metal precursors to metal nanoparticles.

OICR-0547 is an inactive derivative of OICR-9429 and is commonly used as a negative control for OICR-9429. OICR-9429 is an inhibitor of the interaction between WDR5 and the mixed leukaemia (MLL) protein.

Quizalofop-ethyl (NC 302) is a aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide used for post-emergence control of annual and perennial grass weeds within broadleaf crops such as soybeans, cotton, and peanuts, and its herbicidal activity is mediated through the potent inhibition of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) enzyme.

Cis-1,3-Dichloropropene is a halogenated hydrocarbon commonly used as a pesticide to control nematodes, widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

C18-HSL is one of four lipophilic, long acyl side-chain-bearing N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) produced by the LuxI AHL synthase homolog SinI, involved in quorum sensing signaling in S. meliloti, a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of the legume [M. sativa]. C18-HSL and other hydrophobic AHLs tend to localize in relatively lipophilic cellular environments and cannot diffuse freely through the cell membrane. These long-chain N-acylhomoserine lactones may be exported from cells by efflux pumps or transported between communicating cells via extracellular outer membrane vesicles. Quorum sensing, a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to cell density, manifests in phenotypes such as biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers, including AHLs, which vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of carbon-carbon double bonds, conferring signal specificity through LuxR family transcriptional regulators. Regulation of bacterial quorum sensing signaling to inhibit pathogenesis represents a novel approach to antimicrobial therapy in treating infectious diseases.

N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) are a class of autoinducers used in bacterial quorum sensing to control gene expression in response to cell density. These molecules, comprising a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL), vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds, determining signal specificity through LuxR family transcriptional regulators. C11-HSL, with its rare odd-numbered acyl carbon chain, may act as a minor quorum-sensing signaling molecule in P. aeruginosa strains. Regulating bacterial quorum sensing can inhibit pathogenesis and represents a novel antimicrobial therapy approach for infectious diseases.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities including cell proliferation, survival, migration, cytoskeletal organization, and morphogenesis. It exerts its activity by binding to five distinct G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1 EDG-1, S1P2 EDG-5, S1P3 EDG-3, S1P4 EDG-6, and S1P5 EDG-8. W140 is an inactive enantiomer of W146, a selective S1P1 antagonist (Ki = 77 nM), that binds to the S1P1 receptor with a Ki of 4.6 μM (2a = W146; 2b = W140 in supplemental material). It exhibits no biological activity in vivo and can therefore serve as an effective control compound for experiments involving W146.

1,4-Diaminoanthraquinone (Standard) is the standard substance of 1,4-Diaminoanthraquinone, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 1,4-Diaminoanthraquinone serves as a biological material or organic compound applicable in life sciences research.

1,4-Diisopropylbenzene (Standard) is the standard substance of 1,4-Diisopropylbenzene, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 1,4-Diisopropylbenzene is a benzene derivative widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

1-Bromo-2,5-pyrrolidinedione (Standard) is the standard substance of 1-Bromo-2,5-pyrrolidinedione, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 1-Bromo-2,5-pyrrolidinedione serves as a biological material or an organic compound for applications in life science research.

2,3-Dihydroxynaphthalene (Standard) is the standard substance of 2,3-Dihydroxynaphthalene, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 2,3-Dihydroxynaphthalene is a naphthalene derivative, an important intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and photosensitive materials, widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

2,3-Dimethylpyrazine (Standard) is the standard substance of 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine is a pyrazine derivative widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

2-Amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (Standard) is the standard substance of 2-Amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 2-Amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine (Standard) is the standard substance of 2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine is a pyridine derivative widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

2-Ethylhexan-1-ol (Standard) is the standard substance of 2-Ethylhexan-1-ol, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 2-Ethylhexan-1-ol is a branched-chain fatty alcohol primarily used as a raw material for plasticiser production, widely applied in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

2-Phenyltoluene (Standard) is the standard substance of 2-Phenyltoluene, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 2-Phenyltoluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon compound containing a benzene ring and a toluene group, widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

2-Propionylpyridine (Standard) is the standard substance of 2-Propionylpyridine, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 2-Propionylpyridine is a pyridine derivative widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

3-Methylbiphenyl (Standard) is the standard substance of 3-Methylbiphenyl, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 3-Methylbiphenyl is a biphenyl derivative widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

3-Methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione (Standard) is the standard substance of 3-Methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 3-Methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione is a cyclic α-dione widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

4,4'-Dichlorobenzophenone (Standard) is the standard substance of 4,4'-Dichlorobenzophenone, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 4,4'-Dichlorobenzophenone is a chlorinated aromatic compound primarily used in the synthesis of polymers (such as PEEK), widely applied in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

4-Dimethylaminopyridine (Standard) is the standard substance of 4-Dimethylaminopyridine, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 4-Dimethylaminopyridine is an excellent medium for the formation of 3-cyano-2H-chromanes by cyclic condensation of salicylaldehyde and acrylonitrile triggered by the Morita-Balylis-Hillman reaction.