cognitive-enhancing

(-)-Huperzine A (HupA) , an active Lycopodium alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese herb, is a potent, selective and reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and has been widely used in China for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

ABT-418 hydrochloride is a selective agonist of nAChRs with cognitive enhancing and anxiolytic activities. It activates cholinergic channel and can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.

S 18986 is a selective, orally active, brain-penetrant positive allosteric modulator of AMPA-type receptors that enhances cognition in rodents by inducing the release of noradrenaline and acetylcholine in the rat hippocampus, subsequently improving object-recognition memory.

Lecozotan HCl (SRA-333) is a potent and selective 5-HT antagonist that significantly enhances KCl-stimulated glutamate and acetylcholine release from the hippocampal dentate gyrus and has cognitive enhancing properties. Chronic administration of Lecozotan HCl did not induce 5-HT(1A) receptor tolerance or desensitization in a behavioral model demonstrating 5-HT(1A) receptor function.

Sabeluzole (R-58735) has antiepileptic and cognitive enhancing effects, inhibits neurotoxin-induced tau expression and cell death.Sabeluzole is protective against chlordiazepoxide-induced habituation disorders and may be useful in the study of Alzheimer's disease.

Atomoxetine hydrochloride (LY 139603) is the hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine, a phenoxy-3-propylamine derivative and selective non-stimulant, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with cognitive-enhancing activity. Although its precise mechanism of action is unknown, atomoxetine appears to selectively inhibit the pre-synaptic norepinephrine transporter, resulting in inhibition of the presynaptic reabsorption of norepinephrine and prolongation of norepinephrine activity in the synaptic cleft. The effect on cognitive brain function may result in improved attention and decreased impulsivity and activity levels.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Sunifiram (DM-235) is a potent nootropic agent, known for enhancing cognitive functions, memory, and learning abilities through modulating neurotransmitter activity, particularly via the AMPA receptor.

Mirisetron (WAY-100579, SEC-579) is an indole-based 5-HT3 receptor antagonist exhibiting cognitive-enhancing effects. It counteracts learning deficits associated with central cholinergic neuronal dysfunction and may be employed in studying neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.

FK962 is an somatostatin release enhancer , exerts cognitive-enhancing actions.

(R)-(-)-α-Methylhistamine dihydrobromide is a potent, selective, and brain-penetrant agonist of the H3 histamine receptor with high receptor affinity, capable of enhancing memory retention and attenuating cognitive impairment in rat models, making it a valuable pharmacological probe for elucidating central histaminergic signaling and H3 receptor-mediated modulation of learning and memory processes.

Linopirdine (DuP 996) is a TRPV1 agonist. Linopirdine is an orally active and selective M-type K+ current (IM; Kv7; KCNQ Channels) inhibitor (IC50: 2.4 μM). Linopirdine is a cognitive enhancer. It acts by stimulating release of acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters.Linopirdine is a putative cognition-enhancing drug that increases acetylcholine release in rat brain tissue.

Milameline hydroiodide (CI 979) is a cognitive-enhancing muscarinic receptor (muscarinic receptor) agonist.

Tortuosamine, an alkaloid detected in Sceletium tortuosum, is noted for its neuroprotective, anti-HIV, and cognitive function enhancing properties.

hAChE/hBuChE-IN-1 (compound C2) acts as a dual inhibitor of cholinesterases, exhibiting IC50 values of 514 nM for hAChE and 358 nM for hBuChE. It is orally active and capable of enhancing cognitive function and spatial memory.

5-HT6R antagonist 3 (compound 15) is an effective and selective 5-HT6R antagonist capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. It exhibits Ki values of 14 nM for 5-HT6, 3533 nM for 5-HT1A, 35 nM for 5-HT2A, and 1449 nM for 5-HT7. This compound demonstrates anxiolytic-like effects and possesses neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties, indicating potential for Alzheimer's disease research.

FK962 is an enhancer of somatostatin release, which exerts cognitive-enhancing actions in rats. FK960 increases synaptic density in the hippocampal CA3 region of aged rats.

FR-194921 is a potent, selective, and orally active antagonist for central adenosine A1 receptors with cognitive-enhancing and anxiolytic activity. FR194921 has same binding affinity profile among human, rat, and mouse.

Irdabisant (CEP-26401) (CEP-26401) is a selective, orally active and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant antagonist/inverse agonist of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) (rat H3R Ki= 7.2 nM, human H3R Ki= 2.0 nM). Irdabisant exhibits relatively low inhibitory activity against hERG current (IC50= 13.8 μM). Irdabisant exhibits cognition-enhancing and wake-promoting activities in the rat social recognition model. Irdabisant can be used for research on schizophrenia or cognitive impairment.

Yonkenafil (Tunodafil), a novel phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, effectively reduces cerebral infarction, neurological deficits, edema, and neuronal damage in the infarcted area, potentially enhancing cognitive function through neurogenesis modulation and offering therapeutic effects on Alzheimer's disease.

AQW-051 fumarate is an α7 nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonist that may act as a cognitive-enhancing agent.

(±)-PPCC oxalate, a sigma-1 agonist with a K i of 1.5 nM, primarily targets sigma-1 receptors and exhibits significant anti-amnesia effects in rats with mild or severe cognitive impairment, enhancing their cognitive abilities [1].

Sofinicline benzenesulfonate (ABT 894 benzenesulfonate), a novel agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, specifically targets the α4β2 subtype of nAChR (IC 50 =0.1 nM). This compound shows promise in enhancing cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and working memory. It is potentially useful in research pertaining to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Atomoxetine hydrochloride (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Atomoxetine hydrochloride. Atomoxetine hydrochloride (LY 139603) is the hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine, a phenoxy-3-propylamine derivative and selective non-stimulant, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with cognitive-enhancing activity. Although its precise mechanism of action is unknown, atomoxetine appears to selectively inhibit the pre-synaptic norepinephrine transporter, resulting in inhibition of the presynaptic reabsorption of norepinephrine and prolongation of norepinephrine activity in the synaptic cleft. The effect on cognitive brain function may result in improved attention and decreased impulsivity and activity levels.