caco-2 cell

Celiprolol hydrochloride (Selectrol) is a cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used in the management of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.

Tributyrin (Glyceryl tributyrate), a neutral short-chain fatty acid triglyceride, is a stable and rapidly absorbed prodrug of Butyric Acid. It diffuses through biological membranes and is metabolized by intracellular lipases, releasing effective butyrate directly into cells in vivo, exhibiting potent proapoptotic, antiproliferative, and differentiation-inducing effects.

Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate (MK-0431 phosphate monohydrate) is a potent DPP-IV inhibitor with an IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts.

BMS 183920 is a potent Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist that improves improves Caco-2 cell permeability in vivo.

MK-571 sodium (L-660711 sodium salt) is a selective, orally active antagonist of the CysLT1 receptor. MK-571 sodium is a multidrug resistance protein-2 (ABCC2, Mrp2) inhibitor used to demonstrate the role of Mrp2 in the cellular efflux of drugs, xenobiotics, and their conjugates. MK-571 sodium can inhibit the synthesis of K-4′-O-GlcA (19.7 μM). MK571 dose-dependently inhibits the intracellular biosynthesis of all flavonol sulphates and glucuronides by Caco-2 cells. MK-571 sodium significantly inhibits phase-2 conjugation of kaempferol by cell-free extracts of Caco-2, and production of kaempferol-4′-O-glucuronide was competitively inhibited. In addition to inhibiting MRP2, MK571 is a potent inhibitor of enterocyte phase-2 conjugation.

Anticanceragent 271 (compound 5C) exhibits antiproliferative activity against lung cancer (A549), colon cancer (Caco-2) cell lines, and human lung fibroblasts (WI38), with an IC50 value of 9.18 μM for A549 cells. This compound can downregulate PI3K and mTOR gene expression and is applicable in cancer research.

ML167 (CID44968231) is a highly selective Cdc2-like kinase 4 (Clk4) inhibitor.

6'7'-Epoxybergamottin is a furanocoumarin found in grapefruit. It is a potent inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP3A4 with an IC50 value of 0.30 ppm in a cell-free assay, 0.33 μM in HL7 human liver cells, and 0.22 μM in S9 human intestine cells. It has been studied in the context of drug interactions with grapefruit constituents. It is found in grapefruit juice at concentrations of 0.1-7.4 μM and inhibits the transport of talinolol , a permeability glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1) transporter substrate, across Caco-2 cell monolayers (IC50 = 0.7 μM). 6'7'-Epoxybergamottin also has insecticidal properties with a concentration of 5 μg/cm2 leading to 100% mortality of adult olive fruit flies.

(S)-Sitagliptin phosphate, the less active S-enantiomer of Sitagliptin phosphate, is a high-potency inhibitor of DPP4. It exhibits an IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts.

1. Oleandrin (Folinerin), the principal cardiac glycoside component of PBI-524, can quantitatively account for regulation of BDNF at both the protein and transcriptional levels. 2. Oleandrin are known to inhibit the Na, K-ATPase pump, resulting in a consequent increase in calcium influx in heart muscle. 3. Oleandrin has stronger anti-proliferative activity in undifferentiated CaCO-2 cells (IC50, 8.25 nM) , causes an autophagic cell death and altered ERK phosphorylation in undifferentiated.

Antimicrobial Agent-1 (compound 6C) shows strong activity (MIC = 2 μg mL) against TolC mutant E. coli. Additionally, it synergistically interacts with Colistin to exhibit enhanced activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Importantly, Antimicrobial Agent-1 exhibits no cytotoxic effects on mammalian cell lines. Its MIC values on Caco-2 and Vero cell lines are greater than 128 μg mL [1].

1. Oroxylin A (Baicalein 6-methyl ether) has various anti-tumor effects including apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, drug-resistant reversion. 2. Oroxylin A possesses abilities of inhibiting the ATRA-induced IL-6 production via modulation of LAP/LIP/CHOP in leukemia cell lines, which could providing a therapeutic strategy for RAS. 3. Oroxylin A inhibits UCP2s triggers the MPTP opening, and promotes the apoptosis in CaCo-2 cells; uncoupling protein 2 plays a key role in mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. 4. Oroxylin A inhibits N1ICD translocating to the nucleus and binding to epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related transcription factor Snail, thus suppressing the invasion and migration of MCF-7 cells. 5. Oroxylin A improves the sensitivity of K562/ADM cells by increasing apoptosis in leukemic cells and decreasing the expression of CXCR4 and PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, and probably served as a most promising agent for CML treatment.

Antioxidant agent-15 (Compound 4) demonstrates potent antioxidant inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 15.44 nM, and effectively inhibits tumor cell growth in Hela, Hep G2, and Caco-2 cells, with respective IC50 values of 395.26 nM, 400.4 nM, and 24.6 nM [1].

GK444 (Compound 15a), a selective HDAC1 2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 100 nM and 92 nM for HDAC1 and HDAC2 respectively, demonstrates an IC50 of 4.1 μM in Caco-2 cell inhibition. Additionally, GK444 attenuates TGF-β1-induced COL1A1 mRNA expression in primary normal human lung fibroblasts and mitigates Bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice [1].

eIF4E-IN-6 (Compound 4b), a GMP analog, is designed to inhibit the eIF4E protein's ability to bind to cap mRNA. It demonstrates cytotoxic effects on Caco-2, HepG-2, and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 31, 27, and 21 μM, respectively [1].

Compound 5b, designated as Pim-1 2 kinase inhibitor 2, acts as a competitive inhibitor of both PIM-1 and PIM-2 kinases, demonstrating IC50 values of 1.31 μM and 0.67 μM, respectively. This compound exhibits potent in-vitro anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines, including myeloid leukemia (NFS-60), liver (HepG-2), prostate (PC-3), and colon (Caco-2), while showing low cytotoxicity to the normal human lung fibroblast Wi-38 cell line [1].

Anticanceragent 235 (Compound 49) functions as a modulator of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cell lines HCT116, Caco-2, AGS, and SMMC-772 with IC50 values ranging from 0.35 to 26.9 μM. Additionally, it induces apoptosis and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in HCT-116 cells.

Anticanceragent 240 (compound 9b) is an 8-quinolinesulfonamide derivative with cytotoxic activity. It exhibits inhibitory effects on the Caco-2, SNB-19, A-549, and SKOV-3 cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.26, 0.38, 0.40, and 4.16 μM, respectively.

3-O-Methylgallic acid (3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid) reduces cell proliferation in Caco-2 cells (IC50 = 24.1 μM) more effectively than anthocyanins and may offer protection against colon cancer after its formation in the gut. It inhibits transcription factors NF-κB, AP-1, STAT-1, and OCT-1, which are known to be activated in colorectal cancer.

Angelol A and angelol B are passive diffusion as the dominating process in Caco-2 cell monolayer model.

The absorption and transport of angelol A and Angelol B are passive diffusion as the dominating process in Caco-2 cell monolayer model.

Pachypodol, a methoxyflavonoid isolated from Pogostemon cablin Bentham, has antioxidant and cytoprotective properties and inhibits the growth of CaCo 2 colon cancer cell lines in vitro.Pachypodol protects neonatal rats from anesthesia-induced apoptosis in the developing brain through modulation of the JNK ERK pathway.PDGFRα kinase inhibitory activity in macrophages exposed to STING agonists.

Epieriocalyxin A can suppress Caco-2 colon cancer cell growth. It could be a potential drug for colon cancer therapy in the future.

Lucidumol A has relatively good effect against aldose reductase with IC50 of 19.1uM. Lucidumol A has cytotoxic activity, it reduced cell growth in three human carcinoma cells (Caco-2, HepG2, and HeLa cells) dose dependently with LC50s from 20.87 to 84.36