berberine

1. Berberine (Umbellatine) is a potent oral hypoglycemic agent with beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. 2. Berberine may as a broad-spectrum anti-microbial medicine, a complementary therapeutic agent for HIV AIDS. 3. Berberine seems to act as an herbal antidepressant and a neuroprotector against neurodegenerative disorders. 4. Berberine is used in histology for staining heparin in mast cells. As a natural dye, berberine has a colour index of 7516. 5. Berberine reduces hepatic fat content in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; also prevents proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are central for the development of fibrosis during liver injury. 6. Berberine can ameliorate proinflammatory cytokines-induced intestinal epithelial tight junction damage in vitro, and berberine may be one of the targeted therapeutic agents that can restore barrier function in intestinal disease states. 7. Berberine has antineoplastic effects, including breast cancer, leukemia, melanoma, epidermoid carcinoma, hepatoma, pancreatic cancer, oral carcinoma, tongue carcinoma, glioblastoma, prostate carcinoma and gastric carcinoma, etc.

Berberine chloride (Natural Yellow 18) is an alkaloid from Hydrastis canadensis L., Berberidaceae and also found in many other plants. It is relatively toxic to parenterally but has been used orally for various fungal and parasitic infections and an anti-diarrheal.

Berberine sulfate (Berberal) is a quaternary ammonium salt of the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid proto-berberines, which can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity and metabolism-related fatty liver disease.

Berberine hydrogen sulphate (Umbellatine Sulfate) , an alkaloid extracted from several plants, possesses antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.

Berberine chloride hydrate (Natural Yellow 18 chloride hydrate) is an alkaloid with antibiotic properties, antitumor activity, and the ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibit DNA topoisomerase.

13-Methylberberine chloride shows anti-adipogenic effect on 3T3-L1 adipocytes, it has potential as an anti-obesity drug

Epiberberine chloride, a natural pro-berberine from Coptis chinensis Franch. is an AChE, BChE, and BACE1 inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.07, 6.03, and 8.55 μM, respectively.Epiberberine chloride has antioxidant effects and inhibits the effects of Ca9-22 and Fa2R. Epiberberine chloride has antioxidant effects, inhibits the motility of Ca9-22 and FaDu cell lines, and can be used to study hyperlipidemia, Alzheimer's disease and diabetes.

(R)-(+)-Tetrahydroberberine, the inactive isomer of (S)-(-)-Tetrahydroberberine, serves as an experimental control. The latter, an alkaloid and intermediate in berberine biosynthesis, exhibits insecticidal activity [1].

13-Hydroxyoxyberberine is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T124439.

2,3,9,10-Tetrahydroxyberberine is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T125658.

Tetrahydroberberine (Canadine) is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from corydalis tuber, has a micromolar affinity for dopamine D(2) receptors.

Demethyleneberberine, which is composed of a potential antioxidant structure, could penetrate the membrane of mitochondria and accumulate in mitochondria either in vitro or in vivo.Demethyleneberberine suppresses CYP2E1, hypoxia inducible factor α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, which contributes to oxidative stress and restored sirtuin 1 AMP-activated protein kinase peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α pathway-associated fatty acid oxidation in chronic ethanol-fed mice.

Oxyberberine (8-Oxoberberine) is isolated from the methanol extract of A. mexicana. It has been used to study the SW480 human colon cancer cell line.

1. Epiberberine may be caused drug interactions based on CYP2D6 enzyme. 2. Epiberberine has anti-adipogenic effect is mediated by downregulation of the Raf MEK1 ERK1 2 and AMPKα Akt pathways during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. 3. Epiberberine, as the brightest FSA emitter among the alkaloids, can also serve as an efficient conformation probe for HTG DNA and discriminate the DNA G-quadruplex from the RNA counterpart.

Tetrahydroepiberberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, has antifungal and selective inhibition against the PI-3 virus activities.

Dihydroberberine has anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic and antitumor activities. It inhibits human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels and remarkably reduces Hsp90 expression and its interaction with hERG.

8-Oxoepiberberine (Oxyepiberberine) is an alkaloid metabolite in the plasma after oral administration of Zuojin formula. Zuojin formula is a traditional chinese medicine used to treat gastrointestinal disease.

1-Methoxyberberine chloride is a potential antifungal agent.

2,3-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde (5,6-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde) is a benzoic acid analog, with high Antifungal activity (MIC=2.5 mM). 2,3-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde could be used for the synthesis of berberine.

Thalifendine is one of the main products of Berberine demethylation catalyzed by CYP51 (secreted by intestinal flora), which has anti-inflammatory effects, reduces intestinal inflammation, improves intestinal barrier function, and reduces the production of inflammatory factors.

Stachyose hydrate is a natual product,it highly promotes proliferation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) by inducing LAB to produce more α-galactosidase to hydrolyze stachyose.

Sideroxylin can synergistically enhance the antimicrobial activity of the alkaloid berberine (also a constituent of H. canadensis) against Staphylococcus aureus by inhibition of the NorA multidrug resistance pump.

Oxypalmatine (8-Oxypalmatine) is a berberine-type alkaloid isolated from Phellodendron amurense that regulates breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by inhibiting PI3K AKT signaling and its efficacy in breast cancer-like organs.

Roemerine ((-)-Roemerine) is a porphyrin alkaloid from Senegalese lychee with antifungal and anticancer activity that prevents berberine efflux through inhibition of Bmr. Roemerine increases cell membrane permeability in a concentration-dependent manner and has been used in studies of fungal infections and prostate cancer.