translation

Pseudouridine is the most abundant modified nucleoside in non-coding RNAs. It enhances the function of transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA by stabilizing RNA structure.

Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate, a major polyphenol found in black tea, is an inducer of oxidative stress which has anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive actions, it reduces tumor angiogenesis by downregulating HIF-1αand VEGF.

Cycloheximide (Naramycin A) is a natural product that reversibly inhibits translation elongation, is an antimitotic compound, and is an inhibitor of DNA and protein synthesis.

Paromomycin binds specifically to the RNA oligonucleotide at the A site of bacterial 30S ribosomes, thereby causing misreading and premature termination of translation of mRNA and inhibition of protein synthesis followed by cell death. Paromomycin Sulfate (Aminosidine sulfate) is the sulfate salt form of paromomycin, a structural derivative of neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with amebicidal and bactericidal effects against predominantly aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

Homoharringtonine (HHT) is a natural alkaloid that inhibits the translation of proteins and is cytotoxic. Homoharringtonine acts on the ribosomes of tumor cells to inhibit the elongation step of protein translation, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis, and has antitumor activity.

Episilvestrol is a specific eIF4A-targeting translation inhibitor, with antitumor activity. Episilvestrol is a derivative of silvestrol, isolated from the fruits and twigs of Aglaia silvestris.

Haemanthamine is an alkaloid isolated from the Amaryllidaceae plants with potent anticancer activity. It inhibits protein biosynthesis during the elongation stage of translation. It has antimalarial, pro-apoptotic, antiviral, antioxidant, and anticonvulsa

Lactimidomycin, isolated from Streptomyces, is an inhibitor of eukaryotic translation elongation. It is also a potent and non-toxic inhibitor of dengue virus 2 and other RNA viruses. Lactimidomycin has an antiproliferative effect on tumor cell lines. It i

Silvestrol, a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A inhibitor, induces autophagy and caspase-mediated apoptosis.

Yadanzioside B belongs to bruceosides of quassinoids glucosides from Bruceae Fructus. Yadanzioside B inhibits protein synthesis in HeLa cells, but has little effect on in vitro translation.

Haemanthamine hydrochloride, a crinine-type alkaloid derived from Amaryllidaceae plants, exhibits potent anticancer properties. It acts by targeting ribosomes, thereby inhibiting protein biosynthesis during the translation elongation stage. Additionally, this compound demonstrates pro-apoptotic, antioxidant, antiviral, antimalarial, and anticonvulsant activities [1] [2].

Deoxyvasicinone is a natural alkaloid that acts as an inhibitor of translation, SUMOylation modification, and 15-human lipoxygenase in eukaryotic organisms.

Nagilactone C and phyllanthoside are novel protein synthesis inhibitors, they are specific for the eukaryotic translation apparatus, function in vivo and in vitro, and interfere with translation elongation. Nagilactone C shows high insecticidal activity against second-instar nymphs of Eocanthecona furcellata. Nagilactone C possesses potent antiproliferative activity against human fibrosarcoma and murine colon carcinoma tumor cell lines exhibiting ED50 values of 2.3 and 1.2 microg ml, respectively.

Adustin is an antifungal antibiotic characterized as a polypeptide that inhibits translation. It effectively suppresses translation in a cell-free rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.34 μM.