skeletal muscle

SB 452533 is an antagonist of the vanilloid receptor 1(pKb: 7.8).

Skeletal muscle-targeted peptide MSP, a muscle-targeting peptide (MTP) composed of seven amino acids (ASSLNIA), selectively binds to various ligands in muscle tissues. This targeting capability makes it a useful tool in researching cardiac and skeletal muscle diseases.

Creatine Kinase MM (CK-MM), Human Skeletal Muscle (CK-MM, CKMM), serves as a biomaterial or organic compound applicable in life science research.

MEDICA16 is a selective agonist for GPR40 as well as a partial agonist for GPR120. MEDICA16, an ATP-citrate lyase inhibitor, significantly reduces intracellular TG content in gastrocnemius muscle with an increase in insulin sensitivity.

JTV-519 is a Ca2+-dependent blocker and prevents abnormal Ca(2+) leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the ischemic heart and skeletal muscle (SkM) by stabilizing the ryanodine receptors.

Transcainide(R 54718), a new lidocaine analog, is an orally active antiarrhythmic agent.Transcainide blocks the open state of BTX-activated sodium channels in bovine heart and rat skeletal muscle.

PTP1B-IN-22 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitor that inhibits glucose uptake in skeletal muscle L6 myotubes.

Torbafylline, a xanthine derivative, is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor that attenuates burn-induced protein hydrolysis in rat skeletal muscle through activation of the PDE4/cAMP/EPAC/PI3K/Akt pathway, and inhibits the enhanced ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent protein hydrolysis in skeletal muscle of cancer- and sepsis-prone rats.

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrolene sodium salt) is a skeletal muscle relaxant and can interfere with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used for the treatment of spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Its mechanism of action is may not central, but dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.

Rocuronium bromide (ORG 9426) is a muscle relaxant or aminosteroid non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. During surgery or mechanical ventilation, it is used to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation.

Pancuronium dibromide (Pavulon), a competitive AChR antagonist (IC50 = 5.5 nM), acts as a skeletal muscle relaxant. Pancuronium dibromide(Pancuronium bromide) blocking neuromuscular transmission is achieved by competing with acetylcholine for receptor sites on the motor end-plate.

Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins and is found in diverse plant foods, including pomegranates, berries, walnuts, tropical fruits, and medicinal herbs. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass. Urolithin B has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Cisatracurium besylate (51W89) is a nondepolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant intended for intravenous administration.

L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride) is a highly polar small zwitterionic molecule that functions as an essential cofactor for mitochondrial β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs into mitochondria for subsequent degradation via β-oxidation, thereby supporting cellular energy metabolism. L-Carnitine hydrochloride also displays antioxidant activity and can mitigate metabolic imbalances associated with numerous inborn errors of metabolism, positioning it as an important agent in metabolic research.

Anserine (L-Anserine) is a dipeptide containing β-alanine and histidine, which can be found in the skeletal muscle and brain of mammals and birds. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice.

Higenamine hydrochloride (norcoclaurine HCl) has been demonstrated to be a β2 adrenoreceptor agonist. Adrenergic receptors, or adrenoceptors, belong to the class of G protein–coupled receptors, and are the most prominent receptors in the adipose membrane, besides also being expressed in skeletal muscle tissue.

Phosphocreatine disodium (Phosphocreatine disodium salt) is a phosphorylated creatine molecule that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in muscle, skeletal, and brain.

Glabridin (KB-289522) may serve as an anti-inflammatory agent in diabetes-related vascular dysfunction, through regulating the synthesis and activity of iNOS under high-glucose levels; may possess a therapeutic effect on metabolic disorders( such as diabetes and hyperglycemia), by modulating glucose metabolism through AMPK in skeletal muscle cells. Glabridin may have potential as a chemopreventive agent against liver Y metastasis, by inhibiting the invasion of human HCC cells.

1. Nootkatone can provide effective tick control. 2. (+)-Nootkatone has antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet activities. 3. Nootkatone can prevent obesity and improve physical performance through AMPK activation in skeletal muscle and liver.

Dantrolene depresses excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle by binding to the ryanodine receptor 1 and decreasing intracellular calcium concentration. Ryanodine receptors mediate the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, an essential step in muscle contraction. Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate (Sodium dantrolene) is the sodium salt form of dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, and direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxant.

Quinine dihydrochloride (Quinine bimuriate) is a primary alkaloid of various species of Cinchona (Rubiaceae). It is also an antimalarial and muscle relaxant (skeletal).

Sodium creatine phosphate dibasic tetrahydrate (Creatine phosphate disodium salt tetrahydrate) mainly exists in the skeletal muscles of vertebrates. It is a substrate for the determination of creatine kinase and can be used for the regeneration of ATP during skeletal muscle contraction.

L-Norleucine ((S)-Norleucine) is an isomer of leucine, specifically affects protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, and has antivirus activity.

Creatine (Methylguanidoacetic acid) is an amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as creatinine in the urine. Creatine functions as part of the cell's energy shuttle. The high energy phosphate group of ATP is transferred to creatine to form phosphocreatine in the following reaction: Cr + ATP <-> PCr + ADP. This reaction is reversibly catalyzed by creatine kinase. In the human body, creatine is synthesized mainly in the liver by the use of parts from three different amino acids: arginine, glycine, and methionine. 95% of it is later stored in the skeletal muscles and the rest is stored in the brain, heart, and testes.