septic

S-Methylisothiourea sulfate ((S)-Methylisothiourea sulfate) is a potent and selective inhibitor of iNOS and exerts beneficial effects in rodent models of septic shock[1].

Ginsenoside Rg4 is a natural product

Exo-α-Fucosidase, Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (EC 3.2.1.51), is a glycoside hydrolase capable of releasing free fucose.

Hexylresorcinol (4-Hexylresorcinol) is a substituted dihydroxybenzene utilized topically as an antiseptic for minor skin infection treatment.

Ethacridine lactate hydrate is a topically applied anti-infective agent.

Ethacridine lactate (Acrinol) is a poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) inhibitor.

Taurolidine is a synthetic taurine analog with antimicrobial and anti-neoplastic actions. It displays broad bactericidal and fungicidal activity.

8-Hydroxyquinoline hemisulfate (Oxyquinoline sulfate) is an antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action

2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (Gentisaldehyde) has antioxidant activity against Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde also inhibits S. aureus strains(MIC50: 500 mg/L).

Diloxanide furoate (Dichlofurazol) is an antiprotozoal compound with oral activity that can be used in the study of amoebas in tissues and several other protozoal infections.

Methenamine Hippurate is a component of Hiprex, with antibacterial activity.

Comanthoside B (Comanthosid B) is a natural product isolated from the aerial portions of Ruellia tuberosa L with anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activities.

BD-AcAc 2 (Ketone Ester) is a ketone monoester and can be used as a source of oral nutritional ketones. BD-AcAc 2 can elevate plasma levels of acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, blood Na+, blood glucose levels and blood creatinine levels after oral administration in mice. BD-AcAc 2 can partly prevent muscle weakness in septic mice. BD-AcAc 2 exhibits potential to improve endurance and exercise performance in animal body. BD-AcAc 2 can also be used to research diabetes or Parkinson's disease.

MEG hemisulfate (Mercaptoethylguanidine hemisulfate) acts as a highly potent and selective suppressor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), demonstrating EC50 values of 11.5 μM for iNOS, 110 μM for ecNOS, and 60 μM for bNOS in tissue homogenates. It is notably effective as a peroxynitrite scavenger and blocks peroxynitrite-triggered oxidative mechanisms. Furthermore, this compound offers protective benefits across various experimental inflammation prototypes, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, hemorrhagic shock, periodontitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and both endotoxic and septic shock.

Ethyl gallate (gallic acid ethyl ester) obviously decreases cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, exhibits cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Ethyl gallate can inhibit the abilities of invasion of breast cancer in vitro by inhibiting the mRNA levels of MMP-9/MMP-2, phosphorylation of Akt and protein expression of NF-κB and inhibits hydrogen peroxide signaling, may represent an alternative class of vasopressors for use in septic shock. Also, Ethyl gallate suppresses proliferation and invasion in human breast cancer cells by modulating the PI3K/Akt pathway, which may contribute to inhibiting their downstream targets such as NF-κB p-65, Bcl-2/Bax, and mRNA levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in breast cancer cells, could be used as potential antioxidants with safe therapeutic application in cancer chemotherapy.

SIRT5 inhibitor 7 (compound 58), a substrate-competitive and selective SIRT5 inhibitor with IC 50 = 310 nM, significantly attenuated renal dysfunction and pathological damage in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and cecum ligation/perforation (CLP)-induced septic AKI mice, and modulated proteinsuccinimidylation and proinflammatory cytokine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in the kidneys of acute kidney injury (AKI) mice.

RNAIII-inhibiting peptide TFA (RNAIII-inhibiting peptide(TFA))(228544-21-6 free base) inhibits S. aureus, effective in the diseases such as cellulitis, keratitis, septic arthritis, osteomylitis and mastitis.

Cl-amidine hydrochloride is an orally available PAD inhibitor that blocks histone 3 deimination and neutrophil extracellular trap formation and improves survival in septic mice. It induces apoptosis in cancer cells and induces miR-16 to cause cell cycle arrest.

Terlipressin Acetate, a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist, on oxygen and glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced damage in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6).Terlipressin acetate exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin acetate has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock research.

TNF-α/IL-1β-IN-1 (compound 11a) is an anti-inflammatory agent that effectively reduces the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, inhibits oxidative stress and myocardial cell apoptosis, and demonstrates significant activity against septic myocardial injury. Additionally, it improves myocardial blood flow in vivo.

BPD is a COX-2 and TAK1-NF-κB inhibitor with an IC50 of 18.5 μM for COX-2. It suppresses the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β at the transcriptional level. BPD possesses anti-inflammatory properties and can inhibit carrageenan-induced paw edema as well as LPS-induced septic death.

Lipid A-11 is a lipid component of endotoxin that is primarily responsible for the toxic properties of gram-negative bacteria. Lipid A-11 constitutes the innermost region of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule, also known as endotoxin, and its hydrophobic nature facilitates anchoring of the LPS structure into the bacterial outer membrane. Lipid A-11 plays a critical role in host-pathogen interactions, contributing to septic shock and immunological activation during bacterial infections.

SA91-0178 (3-{[(1-methyl-2-oxo-1'-phenyl-1,2-dihydrospiro[indole-3,4'-piperidine]-5-carbonyl)amino]methyl}benzoic acid) is a specific METTL1 inhibitor and effectively alleviated tissue injury during septic inflammation.

ST-899 is an innovative platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist. It significantly reduces the mortality rate in mice experiencing shock induced by endotoxins (LPS). The compound markedly inhibits the LPS-induced increase in serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels while leaving interleukin-6 (IL-6) unaffected. The mechanism by which ST-899 operates involves disrupting the positive feedback loop between PAF and TNF, thereby mitigating inflammatory responses. ST-899 is applicable for studies related to inflammatory diseases such as septic shock.