sclerosis

SRI-011381 hydrochloride, a new-type agonist of the TGF-beta signaling pathway, is utilized in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an Nrf2 activator with oral activity and blood-brain barrier permeability. Dimethyl fumarate has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities and has been used in the study of multiple sclerosis.

Cladribine (2CdA), an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, is utilized in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases.

β-N-Methylamino-L-alanine hydrochloride (L-BMAA hydrochloride) is a neurotoxin produced by cyanobacteria that may contribute to the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases.

NF-κΒ Activator 2 is a potent, orally active compound that efficiently activates NF-κB with an EC50 value of 1.58 μM. By enhancing NF-κB expression and activation, it induces SOD 2 synthesis, rendering it useful for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research [1].

SRI-011381, a new-type agonist of the TGF-beta signaling pathway, is utilized in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Tolebrutinib (PRN2246) is a potent, selective, orally active and brain-penetrant Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor(IC50s of 0.4 and 0.7 nM in Ramos B cells and in HMC microglia cells, respectively). It exhibits efficacy in central nervous system immunity. Tolebrutinib can be used for the research of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Icerguastat (IFB-088) is a selective inhibitor of holophosphatase. Sephin1 safely and selectively inhibited a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 in vivo.

Glatiramer acetate (GA) is a synthetic amino acid copolymer that is approved for treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).

ZK824190 is an orally available and selective inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), with IC50 values of 237 nM for uPA, 1600 nM for tPA, and 1850 nM for Plasmin.

Mirodenafil is a PDE-5 inhibitor developed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

BAF312 (Siponimod (BAF-312)), a next-generation S1P receptor modulator, is specific for S1P1 and S1P5 receptors with EC50 of 0.39 nM and 0.98 nM, respectively. The specificity of BAF312 for S1P1 and S1P5 receptors exhibits >1000-fold over S1P2, S1P3 and S1P4 receptors.

Laquinimod (LAQ) is an effective immunomodulator, which is currently under development in phase III trials for the treatment of multiple sclerosis as an oral therapy.

Ozanimod (RPC-1063) (RPC1063) is a specific oral S1P Receptor 1 modulator. Ozanimod has been used in trials studying the treatment of Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Multiple Sclerosis, and Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.

Mirodenafil dihydrochloride is a PDE-5 inhibitor developed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Heptadecanoic acid is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many "odd" length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat). Heptadecanoic acid constitutes 0.61% of milk fat and 0.83% of ruminant me

S1p receptor agonist 1 (S1p-receptor-agonist-1) is an S1P receptor agonist.

Eplerenone (CGP 30083) is an aldosterone receptor antagonist and potassium-sparing diuretic used in the therapy of hypertension. Eplerenone therapy has been associated with transient elevations in serum aminotransferase levels, but has yet to be linked to cases of clinically apparent drug induced liver disease.

Loxoprofen (Koloxo) is an anti-inflammatory non-steroidal medicine.

Lacidipine (SN-305) is a lipophilic dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with an intrinsically slow onset of activity. Due to its long duration of action, lacidipine does not lead to reflex tachycardia. It displays specificity in the vascular smooth muscle, where it acts as an antihypertensive agent to dilate peripheral arterioles and reduce blood pressure.

Anagliptin (SK-0403) is a potent inhibitor of DPP-4 (IC50 of 3.8 nM) used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Ethyl linoleate is a natural product.

SMS1-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SMS1, IC50 = 2.1 μM), and can be used in the atherosclerosis studies.

LY518674 (LY-674) decreases triglycerides and increases HDL-C and is used for the treatment of atherosclerosis. LY518674 is an effective and selective PPARα agonist (EC50: 42 nM for human PPARα).