kidney disease

AC1903 is a specific inhibitor of TRPC5 channel, and has been shown to suppress severe proteinuria and prevent podocyte loss.

Furosemide is a potent NKCC2 (Na-K-2Cl symporter) inhibitor, used for edema and chronic renal insufficiency.

Irbesartan (SR-47436) is an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blocker whose mechanism of action involves antagonizing the Angiotensin 2 Receptor.

PPQ-102 (CFTR Inhibitor), an effective CFTR inhibitor, can completely inhibit CFTR chloride current (IC50: 90 nM).

PFI-2 is an effective, specific and cell-active lysine methyltransferase SETD7 inhibitor (Ki/IC50: 0.33/2 nM), 1000-fold selectivity over other methyltransferases and other non-epigenetic targets.

PFI-2 hydrochloride ((R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride) is a potent, highly selective, and cell-active inhibitor of the methyltransferase activity of SETD7 (IC50: 2 nM), 500 fold active than (S)-PFI-2.

M1001 is a HIF-2α agonist.

AZD9977 is a novel, selective modulator of mineralocorticoid receptor .

Finerenone (BAY-948862) is a nonsteroidal antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) (IC50=18 nM) with selective and oral activity. Finerenone is used in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes.

p-Cresyl Sulfate is the major uremic toxin present in the blood of patients with chronic kidney disease and is derived from the metabolites of tyrosine and phenylalanine in the liver.

Bis-T-23 is a promoter of actin-dependent dynamin oligomerization, an HIV-I integrase inhibitor, and a Telstar derivative. Bis-T-23 promotes actin-dependent dynamin oligomerization. Bis-T-23 can be used in studies of HIV and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

6-Acryloyloxyhexyl phosphater (PA21) is a novel phosphate-binding agent, which is an iron-based reagent, and can be used for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease.

BLU2864 is an orally active, highly selective, ATP-competitive PRKACA inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.3 nM, exhibiting anti-tumor activity and potential applications in cancer and polycystic kidney disease research [1] [2].

Avosentan(Ro 67-0565; SPP-301) is a potent endothelin receptor (ETA) antagonist with strong inhibitory effects on endothelin-1-induced contraction and may have protective effects against chronic kidney disease. [2]

Calcium polystyrene sulfonate (Poly(styrenesulfonic acid) calcium salt) is an ion-exchange resin. Calcium polystyrene sulfonate reduces blood levels of potassium and can be used for research on the treatment of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.

5-Hydroxy-1-methylhydantoin (HD-003) is an antioxidant potentially for the treatment of renal failure. A creatinine metabolite, 5-Hydroxy-1-methylhydantoin , a hydroxyl radical scavenger, has previously been shown to confer renoprotection by inhibiting the progression of chronic kidney disease in rats. 5-Hydroxy-1-methylhydantoin is a novel anti-oxidant drug completely suppressed the expression of B2-kinin receptors (B2KR) in response to high glucose (25 mM) stimulation in VSMC and was also shown to attenuate the effects of BK on VSMC remodeling. 5-Hydroxy-1-methylhydantoin inhibited the BK-induced increase in MAPK phosphorylation and attenuated the increase in connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) protein levels in VSMC. These findings suggest that 5-Hydroxy-1-methylhydantoin may confer vascular protection against high glucose concentrations and BK-stimulation to ameliorate vascular injury and remodeling through its anti-oxidant properties.

Bisphenol A is an endogenous metabolic compound of phenols and is widely used in the production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. It is reproductive, developmental and systemic toxicant and is often classified as an endocrine disruptor. It has been linked to many diseases, including respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, obesity and reproductive disorders.

Trapidil (Avantrin) is a coronary vasodilator agent. It was originally developed as a vasodilator and anti-platelet agent and has been used to treat patients with ischemic coronary heart, liver, and kidney disease.

2-Iodohippuric Acid can be used to measure renal clearance for renal function studies, and for the diagnosis of certain diseases, such as liver and kidney disease. In addition, it is used in the synthesis of certain drugs.

GFB-8438 is a potent and subtype selective inhibitor of TRPC5(IC50s of 0.18 and 0.29 μM of hTRPC5 and hTRPC4, respectively).

CDDO-dhTFEA, a synthetic oleanane triterpenoid, effectively activates Nrf2 while inhibiting the NF-κB pro-inflammatory transcription factor. It restores mean arterial pressure (MAP), elevates Nrf2 levels and the expression of related genes, attenuates NF-κB and transforming growth factor-β pathway activation, and mitigates glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation in rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

12-Ketodeoxycholic acid, a bile acid and kidney metabolite, serves as a detectable marker for kidney injury [1].

Enalapril sodium is used to treat high blood pressure, diabetic kidney disease, and heart failure and can be generally used with a diuretic such as furosemide for heart failure.

Balamapimod, also known as MKI-822, is a small-molecule Ras/Raf/MEK inhibitor that directly targets deregulated MAPK signaling cascades and is being actively explored to suppress aberrant protein kinase activity implicated in oncogenic transformation, inflammatory signaling, and pathological cell proliferation, with demonstrated therapeutic relevance for stroke, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, polycystic kidney disease, colonic polyps, and other inflammation-driven disorders through pathway-level inhibition.