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Enflurane (Efrane), a volatile anaesthetic, is a potent inhibitor of high conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels of Chara australis. Enflurane is an internal standard in monitoring halogenated volatile anaesthetics by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.

Tie2 kinase inhibitor 1 (Tie2 kinase inhibitor), an optimized compound of SB-203580, is selective to Tie2 with IC50 of 0.25 μM, which is 200-fold more effective than p38.

Methyl Nonadecanoate (Nonadecanoic Acid methyl ester) is a fatty acid methyl ester

Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) rRNA blocker is a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) inhibitor designed to bind and suppress the amplification of the ITS2 rRNA region, commonly used as a high-abundance target in fungal PCR. It is applicable in research areas such as PCR, sequencing, and genetic testing.

1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycerol is an internal standard for the isolation and characterization of molecular species of 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (DAG).

Rasarfin inhibits Ras and ARF6.

CYM5442 is an S1P agonist, targeting to Sphingosine.

S1p receptor agonist 1 (S1p-receptor-agonist-1) is an S1P receptor agonist.

Bumetanide (PF 1593) is a potent sulfamoylanthranilic acid derivative belonging to the class of loop diuretics. In the brain, bumetanide may prevent seizures in neonates by blocking the bumetanide-sensitive sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter (NKCC1), thereby inhibiting chloride uptake thus, decreasing the internal chloride concentration in neurons and may block the excitatory effect of GABA in neonates.

α-Amylase, a hydrolase enzyme, catalyzes the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch, producing glucose and maltose.

5-Methyl-2-Hexanol is a non-crystallizable secondary alcohol used as an internal standard for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of aroma compounds from grape brandies and aqueous-alcoholic wood extracts.

1,5,5-Trimethylhydantoin (TMH) serves as a non-isotopic internal standard (IS).

DTT (DL-Dithiothreitol) is a strong reducing agent. DTT has anti-disulfide ptosis activity and, upon oxidation, forms a stable six-membered ring with internal disulfide bonds.

2-Hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoic acid (6-Methoxysalicylic acid) may be employed as internal standard for the determination of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, ASA) and its major metabolite, salicylic acid (SA),and exhibits significant analgesic effects

N6-Methyladenosine is a methylated adenine residue, glycoside is an endogenous uridine product of transfer RNA degradation. It is the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA present in all higher eukaryotes and can modify viral RNA with antiviral activity.

2-Ethylbutyric acid is an internal standard that can be used in calibration methods for VFA analytical standards for feces.

Candesartan-D4 is the deuterated form of Candesartan (TMSM-3481). It is an orally active Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blocker and PPAR-γ agonist with long-lasting antihypertensive effects, used as an internal standard in PK studies.

Doxepin-D3 hydrochloride is a deuterium-labeled, stable isotope-labeled analogue of doxepin hydrochloride, primarily used as an internal standard for quantitative analysis. Doxepin hydrochloride (T1540) is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) and uesd for treating depression, anxiety, and insomnia.

Fexofenadine-D6 is the deuterium substituent of Fexofenadine (T21390) and can be used as an internal standard for the determination of non-sofenadine concentrations in human plasma.

PROTAC FLT-3 degrader 1 is a PROTAC FLT-3 degrader of internal tandem duplication (ITD) with an IC50 of 0.6 nM and exhibits anti-proliferative activity.

Iferanserin (S-MPEC) is a selective antagonist of the serotonin (5-HT) receptor with a specific affinity for 5-HT2A receptors, showing potential for the treatment of internal hemorrhoid disease.

DPQ is an antiviral compound. DPQ has also been shown to bind to a widened RNA major groove at the internal loop. DPQ acts against the H1N1 and H3N2 strains of influenza A as well as influenza B.

Boc-Pro-OMe (Boc-L-proline methyl ester) is a lipid compound utilized in liposome preparation. Liposomes consist of concentric phospholipid bilayer vesicles, which serve as vital components in constructing drug delivery systems for anticancer and anti-infection applications. These systems effectively encapsulate high-polarity water-soluble payloads within the internal aqueous space of the liposome, while lipophilic payloads are integrated into and become part of the lipid bilayer. This compound is particularly effective for delivering antisense oligonucleotides, addressing issues of low cellular uptake and rapid bodily excretion.

1-Stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (18:0-22:6 PE) is a lipid compound utilized in the preparation of liposomes. Liposomes, forming the central component of concentric phospholipid bilayer vesicles, are pivotal in constructing drug delivery systems for anti-cancer and anti-infection applications. They effectively encapsulate hydrophilic payloads within their aqueous internal spaces, while lipophilic compounds are integrated into and become part of the lipid bilayer. This compound is particularly effective for delivering antisense oligonucleotides, addressing challenges such as inefficient cellular uptake and rapid loss in the body.