foot

PPA-904, a specific phenothiazine photosensitizer, is used in photodynamic therapy (PDT).

PPA-904 FA is a cationic photosensitizer with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity for use in photodynamic studies (PDT) studies, which can be used to study chronic leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers.

Sonedenoson (MRE0094) is an adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist and potential inhibitor potentially targeting SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus 2;-O-ribose methyltransferase, and may be used in the study of diabetic foot ulcers.

Florfenicol (SCH-25298), a fluorinated synthetic analog of thiamphenicol, is currently indicated for the therapy of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, Haemophilus somnus, and Pasteurella multocida, for therapy of bovine interdigital phlegmon (foot rot, infectious pododermatitis, acute interdigital necrobacillosis) associated with Fusobacterium necrophorum and Bacteroides melaninogenicus. This compound is also used in aquaculture and is approved for use in the United States for the therapy of enteric septicemia in catfish.

Pivagabine (CXB-722), a hydrophobic 4-aminobutyric acid derivative, exhibits neuromodulatory activity and successfully penetrates the blood-brain barrier in rats. It counteracts the impact of foot shock on GABAA receptor function and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) levels in the rat brain.

Epidermal Growth Factor binds to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and stimulates cell growth and proliferation. It is approved for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.

Compound 11, a selective PPARδ agonist, demonstrates an EC50 of 20 nM, indicating its high affinity for PPARδ receptors. This compound efficiently reduces levels of nitric oxide (NO), as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via the NF-κB pathway, showcasing its anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, Compound 11 exhibits remarkable stability in human liver microsomes and plasma. It significantly ameliorates foot edema induced by Carrageenan, displaying favorable pharmacokinetic properties with a bioavailability of approximately 100%.

LQ-38 is an orally active, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5.2 nM. It has shown anti-inflammatory activity in rat foot edema models and in mouse models of acute pancreatitis, and exhibits analgesic effects in acetic acid-induced mouse writhing models.

UNC0638 hydrate selectively inhibits G9a and GLP histone methyltransferases with IC50 values of 15 nM and 19 nM, respectively. It is effective in inhibiting invasion and migration of TNBC cells in vitro. Additionally, UNC0638 hydrate acts as an inhibitor of EHMT1 2 and induces the expression of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in cultures of human erythroid progenitor cells. Furthermore, it exhibits antiviral activity against FMDV (foot-and-mouth disease virus) and VSV (vesicular stomatitis virus), demonstrating remarkable potency and selectivity across various epigenetic and non-epigenetic targets.

N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) is a DNA alkylating agent. It induces leukemia by alkylating nucleobases, thereby damaging DNA, which leads to bone marrow suppression and the development of leukemia cells. ENU is teratogenic in vivo, causing tumor formation and foot malformations in pregnant rats. Additionally, it can result in central nervous system (CNS) tumors and genetic disorders.

Rolapitant (SCH619734) Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of rolapitant, an orally bioavailable, centrally-acting, selective, neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor) antagonist with potential antiemetic activity. Upon oral administration, rolapitant competitively binds to and blocks the activity of the NK1-receptor in the central nervous system, thereby inhibiting the binding of the endogenous ligand, substance P (SP). This may prevent both SP-induced emesis and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The interaction of SP with the NK1-receptor plays a key role in the induction of nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Compared to other NK1-receptor antagonists, rolapitant has both a more rapid onset of action and a much longer half-life.

(R)-ND-336 is a highly potent and selective MMP-9 inhibitor with a K_i value of 19 nM and also exhibits inhibitory activity against MMP-2 (K_i = 127 nM) and MMP-14 (K_i = 119 nM). With significant potential, (R)-ND-336 is being investigated in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) research [1].

BMS-751324, a p38α MAPK inhibitor, features a carbamyl-methyl linkage precursor with esters and phosphate functional groups from hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPA). It effectively reduces foot swelling and suppresses LPS-induced TNFα production in an arthritic rat model.

Favipiravir sodium is a selective inhibitor of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with activity against many RNA viruses, influenza viruses, West Nile virus, yellow fever virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus as well as other flaviviruses, arenaviruses, bunyaviruses and alphaviruses.

Maprotiline-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of maprotiline by GC- or LC-MS. Maprotiline is a tricyclic antidepressant. It binds to the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and is selective for NET over the serotonin and dopamine transporters. Maprotiline also binds to the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT2A, as well as histamine H1, muscarinic acetylcholine, α1-adrenergic, and dopamine D2 receptors. In vivo, maprotiline inhibits norepinephrine reuptake in rat brain and peripheral tissues. It reduces isolation-induced aggressive behavior and inhibits electrical foot-shock stimulation-induced belligerence in mice when administered at doses ranging from 3 to 10 mg kg. Maprotiline also reduces aggressive behavior in rhesus monkeys housed in groups. Formulations containing maprotiline have been used in the treatment of depression and anxiety.

Pexiganan (MSI 78 free base), a synthetic analog of magainin 2, is a potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide with oral activity. It is utilized in researching infections, including diabetic foot ulcer infections [1].

A20FMDV2, a peptide derived from the α-helical RGD cell-interacting domain of the VP1 capsid protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O, targets and binds αVβ6 integrin. It effectively disrupts αVβ6 integrin-mediated cell adhesion in H357 tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells that exhibit human αVβ6, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.2 µM. Additionally, when labeled with 111indium-DTPA, A20FMDV2 (20 MBq) specifically attaches to αVβ6 integrin in a breast cancer mouse xenograft model using MCF10CA1a cells, facilitating targeted radiation imaging analysis.

NPI52 (Compound E1) is an inhibitor of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease (FMDV 3Cpro), with IC50 values of 0.05 µM in FRET assays and 0.11 µM in cell-based assays [1].

ZHSI-1 is an EV71 (Enterovirus 71) inhibitor that blocks EV71 CVA16 replication and virus-induced pyroptosis linked to viral pathogenesis. It effectively prevents EV71 infection in neonatal and young mice in animal models and can be used to study viral infections such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) [1].

Masticadienolic acid is a specific competitive inhibitor of secreted phospholipase A2, it not only protects the active site histidine from alkylation but also inhibits the action of secreted from pancreas, synovial fluid, and bee venom. Masticadienolic ac