d18:0

C18 dihydro Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and precursor in the de novo synthesis of C18 ceramide that lacks the 4,5-trans double bond. [1] Increased C18 dihydroceramide lipid levels lead to increased triacylglycerol storage and autophagosome accumulation as well as upregulation of the fibrosis markers α-SMA and FGF2 in Chang and LX-2 liver cells. C18 dihydro Ceramide is elevated in the plasma of pre-diabetics up to 9 years prior to the onset of type 2 diabetes. [2] It is also elevated in the skin of patients with lesional atopic dermatitis.[3]

C24 dihydro Ceramide is a sphingolipid that has been found in the stratum corneum of human skin.[1] It is found in higher concentrations in female sebum compared to male sebum.[2] C24 dihydro Ceramide levels positively correlate with cytotoxicity in CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4, COG-LL-317h, and COG-LL-332h T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell lines.[4] Levels of C24 dihydro ceramide are increased by 149.49-fold in dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (DEGS1) knockdown UM-SCC-22A human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells in vitro.[4] C24 dihydro Ceramide levels are also increased in INS-1 β-cells incubated with glucose and palmitate.[5]

N,N-dimethyl Sphinganine (d18:0) is a sphingolipid that increases during development ofL. donovanipromastigotes.1 1.Silva, A.M., Cordeiro-da-Silva, A., and Coombs, G.H.Metabolic variation during development in culture of Leishmania donovani promastigotesPLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.5(12)e1451(2011)

C24 (2'(R)-hydroxy) dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/24:0) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C24 (2'(R)-hydroxy) dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/24:0) is 164989-36-0.

C6 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/6:0) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C6 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/6:0) is 171039-13-7.

C12((±)-2'-hydroxy) dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/12:0) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C12((±)-2'-hydroxy) dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/12:0) is 2377379-54-7.

D-threo Sphinganine (d18:0) is a synthetic bioactive sphingolipid and stereoisomer of sphinganine (d18:0) and L-erythro sphinganine (d18:0) . It induces autophagy in HCT116 cells when used at a concentration of 12 μM. D-threo Sphinganine (d18:0) is metabolized via sphinganine N-acyltransferase and sphinganine kinase in vivo in rat liver.

"(±)-2'-Hydroxy Ceramide (d18:0/18:0) is a sphingomyelin derivative isolated from mammalian platelets upon ADP stimulation [1]."

C16((±)-2'-hydroxy) dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/16:0) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C16((±)-2'-hydroxy) dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/16:0) is 190249-36-6.

C17 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/17:0) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C17 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/17:0) is 1388156-40-8.

14:0 Dihydro SM (d18:0/14:0) is a sphingomyelin.

Sphingomyelin (d18:1/12:0) is a polar lipid known for its role in modulating cell signal transduction. It plays a critical role in cell membranes, influencing their fluidity and stability. Additionally, sphingomyelin (d18:1/12:0) is involved in lipid metabolism and has potential in promoting neuronal cell growth. This compound is essential for the functioning and development of the nervous system.

GlcCer (d18:1/18:0) (C18 Glucosyl(β) ceramide (d18:1/18:0)) is a sphingolipid with potential applications in research on Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia.

C16 Ganglioside GM1 (d18:1/16:0) (C16-GM1) ammonium, a member of the ganglioside family, features a saturated C16:0 acyl chain. It serves as a functional receptor for the cholera toxin B subunit, although it exhibits lower efficiency in endocytic and retrograde transport pathways. C16 Ganglioside GM1 (d18:1/16:0) ammonium is applicable in diarrhea disease research.

C16 Ceramide (Cer) (d18:1(14Z)/16:0) is a sphingolipid-derived ceramide composed of long-chain sphingoid base (d18:1) and palmitic acid (C16:0). It serves as a crucial lipid signaling molecule for apoptosis. Specifically, C16 ceramide is involved in cell cycle arrest, cell death, and the inhibition of insulin signaling.

C24 Ceramide (d18:1(14Z)/24:0) is a type of ceramide utilized in obesity research.

Cer(d18:2_22:0) is a potential biomarker for metachromatic leukodystrophy.

C16 Lactosylceramide is an endogenous bioactive sphingolipid. It forms membrane microdomains with Lyn kinase and the αi subunits of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), suggesting a role in cell signaling. Plasma levels of C16 lactosylceramide are elevated in insulin-resistant cattle. C16 Lactosylceramide is also upregulated in a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease, a neurodegenerative cholesterol-sphingolipid lysosomal storage disorder.

C16 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/16:0) (N-Palmitoyl-D-sphingomyelin) is a phospholipid analog of phospholipid bilayer membranes, which can be used to study biofilm activity.

C20 Sphingomyelin is a naturally occurring sphingolipid. Levels of C20 sphingomyelin are upregulated in the hippocampus of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and in human plasma, where it is positively correlated with insulin resistance in obese humans. C20 sphingomyelin is also upregulated in the liver of a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease [a neurodegenerative cholesterol-sphingolipid lysosomal storage disorder]. The plasma concentration of C20 sphingomyelin is decreased in men with prostate cancer.

C19 Ceramide is a naturally occurring ceramide that has been found in J. juncea extracts as well as rat brain and mouse heart.[1],[2],[3] It is elevated in adult and decreased in juvenile whole rat brain extracts by 114 and 37%, respectively, following chronic ethanol exposure.[2] C19 Ceramide is also increased in mouse hearts following administration of angiotensin II.[3]

C2 L-threo Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. It stimulates cholesterol efflux in CHO cells expressing the human ABCA1 receptor when used at a concentration of 10 μM, however, this efflux is 50% less than that stimulated by C2 ceramide . C2 L-threo Ceramide inhibits IL-4 production by 17% in EL4 T cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate when used at a concentration of 10 μM. It also induces cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and a 7-fold increase in sphingosine accumulation as well as inhibits growth of HL-60 leukemia cells.

BODIPY-C12 Ceramide (B12Cer) is a fluorescently-tagged form of C12 ceramide, with excitation/emission maxima at 505/540 nm, respectively. It is a fluorescently-labeled sphingolipid and has been utilized for quantifying acid sphingomyelinase activity in the plasma of patients with Niemann-Pick disease.

13C C16 Sphingomyelin is an isotopically enriched form of C16 sphingomyelin with carbon-13 occurring on the fatty acid portion. It is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of C16 sphingomyelin by GC- or LC-MS. C16 Sphingomyelin is a form of sphingomyelin containing palmitate (16:0) at the variable acylation position. It is the most common form of sphingomyelin found in eggs and is less abundant in the brain and in milk. C16 Sphingomyelin interacts with cholesterol in ordered lipid domains (lipid rafts). Sphingomyelinases remove phosphorylcholine from C16 sphingomyelin to produce C16 ceramide. While ceramides commonly induce apoptosis, ceramides with different fatty acid chain lengths might direct distinct functions and, in some cases, reduce apoptosis.