d-amino acid oxidase

D-Amino acid oxidase, an enzyme that metabolizes exogenous D-amino acids in animals for detoxification, also regulates the level of D-serine in the brain [1].

Luvadaxistat (TAK-831) is an orally active, potent and highly selective inhibitor of D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) with an IC50 value of 14 nM for the oxidative deamination of D-serine.Luvadaxistat is used in the study of schizophrenia and cognitive disorders.

Sodium benzoate (Benzoic acid sodium salt) is a D-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor.Sodium Benzoate is a Food Preservative.

Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (Minaline) was first identified as a degradation product of sialic acids, then as a derivative of the oxidation of the D-hydroxyproline isomers by mammalian D-amino acid oxidase. The latter relationship results from the lability of the direct oxidation product, A'-pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylic acid, which loses water spontaneously to form the pyrrole. A similar reaction is catalyzed by the more specific allohydroxy-D-proline oxidase of Pseudomonas. In whole animal observations, pyrrole-2-carboxylate (PCA) ' was identified in rat or human urine after administration of the D-isomers of hydroxyproline, a finding ascribable to the action of D-amino acid oxidase. Urinary excretion of N-(pyrrole-2-carboxyl) glycine has been reported in a 5-year-old affected with type II hyperprolinemia; The child has mild developmental delay, recurrent seizures of the grand mal type and EEG alterations.

D(-)-2-Aminobutyric acid is a substrate of D-amino acid oxidase.

D-Cysteine, the D-isomer of cysteine, is a powerful inhibitor of E. coli growth and is mediated by D-amino acid oxidase to produce H2S, serving as a neuroprotective agent against cerebellar ataxia. Additionally, D-cysteine can inhibit the growth and cariogenicity of a two-species biofilm formed by Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus hemoglobin.

AS057278 (3-Methylpyrazole-5-carboxylic acid) is an D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor.

DAAO inhibitor-1 is a potent D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.12 μM.

DAO-IN-1 (compound 10) is a potent DAO (D -amino acid oxidase) inhibitor with an IC50=269 ± 77nM for human DAO that ameliorates schizophrenia by increasing D -serine levels in the brain.

D-DOPA is an enantiomer of the dopamine precursor L-DOPA . It can be converted to L-DOPAviasequential oxidation and transamination, which are mediated by D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) and DOPA transaminase, respectively, in rat kidney homogenates.1It reduces the number of dopaminergic neurons in primary rat embryonic mesencephalic cultures in a concentration-dependent manner.2Intraventricular administration of D-DOPA (200 μg/animal) increases striatal dopamine levels in rats.3D-DOPA (20 mg/kg, i.p.) induces contralateral turns in a rat model of Parkinson's disease induced by 6-OHDA .4 1.Wu, M., Zhou, X.-J., Konno, R., et al.D-dopa is unidirectionally converted to L-dopa by D-amino acid oxidase, followed by dopa transaminaseClin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol.33(11)1042-1046(2006) 2.Ling, Z.-D., Pieri, S.C., and Carvey, P.M.Comparison of the neurotoxicity of dihydroxyphenylalanine stereoisomers in cultured dopamine neuronsClin. Neuropharmacol.19(4)360-365(1996) 3.Karoum, F., Freed, W.J., Chuang, L.-W., et al.D-dopa and L-dopa similarly elevate brain dopamine and produce turning behavior in ratsBrain Res.440(1)190-194(1988) 4.Moses, J., Siddiqui, A., and Silverman, P.B.Sodium benzoate differentially blocks circling induced by D-and L-dopa in the hemi-parkinsonian ratNeurosci. Lett.218(3)145-148(1996)

Thiolactomycin is a novel reversible dual inhibitor of D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) and D-Aspartate oxidase (DDO).

D-Kynurenine (ZINC901103) is a metabolite of D-tryptophan and an agonist of GPR109B. D-Kynurenine activates AhR and promotes the conversion of the epithelium to mesenchyme. D-Kynurenine serves as a substrate in the fluorescence analysis of D-amino acid oxidase.