anti-diabetic

Mitiglinide calcium hydrate (S-21403 calcium hydrate) is a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Mitiglinide is thought to stimulate insulin secretion by closing the ATP-sensitive K(+) K(ATP) channels in pancreatic beta-cells. Mitiglinide belongs to the meglitinide class of blood glucose-lowering drugs and is currently co-marketed in Japan by Kissei and Takeda.

Trelagliptin succinate (SYR-472 succinate) is a long-acting inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Trelagliptin (SYR-472) is a highly specific, long-acting DPP-4 inhibitor.

Hispidin is a polyphenol originally, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties

Carbutamide is a sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with hypoglycemic activity.

Ginsenoside Rg4 is a natural product

Prunin (Naringenin 7-0-glucoside) possesses anti-diabetic, and anti-abacterial properties, it can inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and stimulate glucose uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells; it also can stimulate growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and different Bacilllus sp. Prunin exhibits a markedly enhanced solubility compared to naringenin and naringin while maintaining the in vitro inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase.

Urolithin C is a gut metabolite of ellagic acid. Urolithin C induces apoptosis in PC12 cells through a mitochondria-mediated pathway.

Rutin (Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside), a flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities including antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anticarcinogenic properties.

Buformin hydrochloride (NSC-528218) is a potent AMPK activator,an oral antidiabetic drug of the biguanide class. Buformin delays the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract increases insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake into cells and inhibits synthesis of glucose by the liver. Biguanides may antagonize the action of glucagon, thus reducing fasting glucose levels.

Costunolide (Costus lactone) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and mediates apoptosis.

D-Tagatose (D-(-)-Tagatose), a rare natural hexoketose and isomer of D-galactose, occurs naturally in Sterculia setigera gum and is found in small quantities in various foods such as sterilized and powdered cow's milk, hot cocoa, and various cheeses, yogurts, and other dairy products. It can be synthesized from D-galactose by isomerization under alkaline conditions in the presence of calcium. D-Tagatose has numerous health benefits, including promotion of weight loss, no glycemic effect, anti-plaque, non-cariogenic, anti-halitosis, prebiotic, and anti-biofilm properties; it is beneficial for organ transplants, enhancement of flavor, improvement of pregnancy and fetal development, treatment of obesity, and reduction in symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, anemia, and hemophilia. (PMID: 17492284).

VU0119498 is a M1 muscarinic receptor agonist (EC50 = 3.1 μM) and pan mAChR M3, M5 positive allosteric modulator (PAM),and is a neuroprotective agent.

Mizagliflozin is an orally active, selective SGLT1 inhibitor with a Ki value of 27 nM for human SGLT1. Mizagliflozin is 303 times more selective for SGLT1 than for SGLT2. Mizagliflozin is an anti-diabetic drug that can improve postprandial blood sugar fluctuations and may have the potential to improve chronic constipation.

Glibornuride, a blocker of ATP-sensitive K+ channels (pKi: 5.75), inhibits high-affinity [3H]-glibenclamide binding with potencies corresponding to its K+ channel activity.

Enavogliflozin (DWP-16001) is an orally available small molecule and sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitor.

AP-III-a4 (ENOblock) (ENOblock) is the first nonsubstrate analogue inhibitor of enolase with IC50 of 0.576 μM.

Gnetol competitivity inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (IC50: 1.3 uM). Gnetol has a strong inhibitory effect on murine tyrosinase activity. Gnetol significantly suppresses melanin biosynthesis in murine B16 melanoma cells. It is active in the inhibition of a

Cichoric Acid (Dicaffeoyltartaric acid) is a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase and the replication in tissues. It also a class of cannabinomimetics with CB2 receptor-dependent and independent.

Arjunolic acid has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and anticholinesterasic (AChE and BuChE) activities, it may as promising targets for the development of innovative multi-functional medicines for Alzheimer desease treatment.

Marein shows neuroprotective effect on PC12 cell damage induced by methylglyoxal, which is due to a reduction of damage to mitochondria function and activation of the AMPK signal pathway, it may be a potent compound for preventing/counteracting diabetic e

Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride), a widely used anti-diabetic drug, exhibits potential anti-Y properties by inhibiting the proliferation of various Y cells, including colon and prostate.

Infliximab is a monoclonal antibody, a human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that inhibits TNF-α and prevents TNF-α from interacting with TNFR1 and TNFR2. Infliximab can be used to treat Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

Safotibant (LF-22-0542) is a bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity for the topical treatment of diabetic macular edema.