allergic reactions

lodoxamide ethyl is a new orally active anti-allergic compound for the prevention of antigen-induced bronchoconstriction and blockage of skin allergic reactions.

AZD8329 is a selective and potent 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) inhibitor that inhibits 11β-HSD2, 17β-HSD1, 17β-HSD3, and can be used for the study of allergic reactions in humans.

Mizolastine (SL 850324) (IC50= 47 nM) is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist.It is used in the treatment of allergic reactions such as hay fever (seasonal allergic rhinitis), hives.

Chlorpheniramine maleate (NCI-C55265) is a histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.

Levobupivacaine is an amino-amide local anaesthetic drug belonging to the family of n-alkylsubstituted pipecoloxylidide. It is the S-enantiomer of bupivacaine. Levobupivacaine hydrochloride is commonly marketed by AstraZeneca under the trade name Chirocaine. Compared to bupivacaine, levobupivacaine is associated with less vasodilation and has a longer duration of action. It is approximately 13 per cent less potent (by molarity) than racemic bupivacaine.Levobupivacaine is indicated for local anaesthesia including infiltration, nerve block, ophthalmic, epidural and intrathecal anaesthesia in adults; and infiltration analgesia in children. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are rare when it is administered correctly. Most ADRs relate to administration technique (resulting in systemic exposure) or pharmacological effects of anesthesia, however allergic reactions can rarely occur.

Clemastine fumarate (Meclastine (fumarate)) is a synthetic ethanolamine with anticholinergic, sedative, and histamine H1 antagonistic properties.

Medrysone (6α-Methyl-11β-hydroxyprogesterone) is a topical, synthetic glucocorticoid with metabolic, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Medrysone exerts its effect by interacting with specific intracellular glucocorticoid receptors and subsequently binds to DNA to modify gene expression. This results in an induction of the synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inhibiting the synthesis of certain inflammatory mediators. Consequently, an overall reduction in chronic inflammation and autoimmune reactions is accomplished.

Hydrocortisone sodium succinate is a glucocorticoid which is used to alleviate allergic reactions, particularly those of the skin and gums.

Tylogenin, a steroidal aglycone generated by acid hydrolysis from two seasonal glycosides occurring in Tylophora sylvatica, inhibits IgE-induced basophil mediator release for allergic reactions. In the rabbit basophil-dependent serotonin release (BDSR) assay system, the inhibitory activity of tylogenin was significantly greater than that of its parent glycosides, tylophoroside and acetyltylophoroside, and that of dexamethasone. The activity of tylogenin was found to increase with the incubation time. In the human leukocyte-dependent histamine release test model, the glycosides had only a minimal activity. In contrast, tylogenin, with a geom mean IC50 = 49 microM, exerted a significantly greater potency than dexamethasone. These results suggest that tylogenin could represent a new class of antiallergic agents.

EP6 is an inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), which is a crucial enzyme of the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade and catalyzes the formation of bioactive leukotrienes (LTs) which are involved in inflammatory diseases and allergic reactions.

Glycolic acid oxidase inhibitor 1 (compound 2 in table 1) is an inhibitor of glycolate oxidase, which reduces the risk of kidney stone formation. It also inhibits the contraction of guinea pig ileum induced by slow reactive substances (SRS-A) caused by allergic reactions, and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of allergic diseases such as asthma.

Spiraeoside (Quercetin 4′-O-glucoside) is a compound that can be extracted from red onion skins. It exhibits antioxidant, anti-allergy, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities. It protects human myocardial cells from high glucose-induced damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by activating the PI3K Akt Nrf2 pathway. It also inhibits mast cell activation and IgE-mediated allergic reactions by suppressing phospholipase C-γ-mediated signaling.

ISOCROMIL, a chromone compound, exhibits anti-allergic properties. It plays a significant role as a mediator release inhibitor in the treatment of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions and is also important as an anti-asthmatic agent.

8-Hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavanone (PDMF) is a phytochemical with tumor-preventive properties, promoting p53-driven G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. It is a potent anti-allergic agent for preventing IgE-driven hypersensitivity reactions and possesses anti-inflammatory activity.

Mizolastine dihydrochloride is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist (IC50: 47 nM). It also used in the treatment of hay fever, hives, and other allergic reactions.

QWF acetate is a Substance P antagonist that specifically inhibits the binding of Substance P to its receptor (NK1) with an IC50 of 0.09 Μm; it can also inhibit the activation of Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), which inhibits degranulation of mast cells.QWF acetate is used as a polypeptide in pain, inflammation and allergic reactions, QWF acetate has important applications as a peptide in the study of pain, inflammation and allergic reactions.

1. Dehydrocorydaline(DHC) not only inhibits antibody-mediated allergic reactions but also influences cell-mediated allergic reactions, and the inhibitory effect of Corydalis Tuber on allergic reactions may be partially attributed to DHC. 2. Dehydrocorydal

Lyn Peptide Inhibitor TFA is a powerful, cell-permeable inhibitor specifically targeting the Lyn-coupled IL-5 receptor signaling pathway, without affecting alternative signaling pathways. It effectively prevents Lyn activation and impedes the association between Lyn tyrosine kinase and the βc subunit of IL-3 GM-CSF IL-5 receptors. This compound is utilized in the investigation of asthma, allergic reactions, and various eosinophilic conditions [1].

Cetirizine methyl ester, an impurity of Cetirizine, serves as a specific, orally active, and long-acting histamine H1-receptor antagonist. As a second-generation antihistamine and the carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine, Cetirizine effectively counters allergic reactions [1].

Potassium alum (Aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate) is an ovalbumin adjuvant that can be used to induce allergic reactions in mice, used in cell culture, and suitable for bacterial staining.

Penicillin OVA is a conjugate protein of penicillin and ovalbumin, utilized as an antigen in immunological studies. It induces IgE-dependent allergic reactions to penicillin in mice.

Tripelennamine, an ethylenediamine derivative, acts as a potent histamine H1-receptor antagonist, effectively reducing the organism's allergic response to histamine. It is utilized in researching conditions such as rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and allergic and anaphylactic reactions [1] [2] [3].

Tripelennamine citrate is an ethylenediamine derivative and is a potent histamine H1 receptor antagonist. tripelennamine citrate reduces histamine-induced allergic reactions in the body. tripelennamine citrate can be used to study rhinitis, conjunctivitis, allergic and anaphylactic reactions.

Phyllodulcin, an orally active sweetener discovered in Hydrangea macrophylla var. thunbergii, functions as a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor that mitigates allergic reactions by suppressing the activation of lymphocytes. Additionally, it combats obesity through the regulation of leptin levels, genes associated with fat browning, and the hypothalamic BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway.