Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate

Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6 phosphorylated, acts as a central metabolite, potent antioxidant, and enzyme substrate by serving as the aminated counterpart to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate. It plays a pivotal role as a cofactor for various enzymes and is a prominent vitamin B6 vitamer. The compound can be interconverted with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate [1].

4-Deoxypyridoxine (4-DPD) is a vitamin B6 antimetabolite with diverse biological activities. It inhibits transport of pyridoxine , pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine in and reduces growth of S. carlsbergensis cells. 4-DPD inhibits sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase and reduces cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis in alveolar epithelial MLE-12 cells. 4-DPD (5 mg, i.p.) reduces lysyl oxidase activity by 26% and reduces collagen and elastin crosslinking, resulting in limb abnormalities in chick embryos. It decreases latency to first seizure in mice (ED50 = 1 mmol kg) and increases the occurrence and duration of myoclonic responses in baboons with photosensitive epilepsy. 4-DPD reduces TNF-α and IL-6 production in mice infected with T. spiralis.