radical-scavenging

1. Aloenin (Aloenin A) and aloe-emodin are active principles for inhibition of c-ADH and c-ALDH activities in vitro.

Gallic acid (Benzoic acid) is found in almost all plants. Plants known for their high gallic acid content include gallnuts,grapes,tea,hops and oak bark.

Azelaic acid (Anchoic acid) is a component of hair and skin conditioners and is produced by the ozonolysis of oleic acid. Azelaic acid has bacteriostatic activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis by inhibiting protoprotein synthesis in microbial cells. Azelaic acid also has the ability to inhibit pigmentation due to its free radical scavenging action.

N,N'-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU) (DMTU), isolated from Allii Sativi Bulbus, is an orally active scavenger of hydroxyl radical ( OH) and blocks OH production by activated neutrophils in vitro. N,N'-Dimethylthiourea protects against water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats by exerting its antioxidant action including OH scavenging and anti-inflammatory action [1][2] .

Gallic Acid Monohydrate (3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid Monohydrate) is a hydrate of Gallic Acid, a natural polyhydroxyphenol, which inhibits the free radical scavenging effect of COX-2, and possesses a variety of physiological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antibacterial.

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a natural product, extracted from Pole Fork Kelaroa, and is a lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor (IC50=8 μM). Nordihydroguaiaretic acid possesses antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties.

D-Isofloridoside, a polysaccharide precursor, exhibits free radical scavenging activity and inhibits both ROS expression and the enzymes MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Loganin (Loganoside), an iridoid glucoside, has been reported to be an inhibitor of Cox-1 and also noted to suppress TNF-α formation. This compound also has displayed potent free-radical-scavenging activity and inhibitory effects on melanogenesis.

(+)-Gallocatechin (Gallocatechol) possesses free radical scavenging ability. (+)-Gallocatechin has moderate affinity to the human cannabinoid receptor.

Isomangiferin has an antiviral effect, may due to their capability of inhibiting virus replication within cells. It also has antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities.

Tropolone, a metal chelator, possesses weak antioxidative and radical-scavenging properties and shows a strong affinity for ferric ion

Diplacone (DP) is a geranylated flavonoid compound that is naturally found in the fruit of Paulownia tomentosa. Diplacone possesses anti-inflammatory and free radical-scavenging (anti-radical) activity. Diplacone has been investigated for its potential anticancer activity, particularly in studies involving A549 human lung cancer cells, where it demonstrated inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth and survival.

5,6,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone is an antioxidant natural product exhibiting an IC₅₀ of 25.29 μM in DPPH radical scavenging activity assays on PC12 cells.

Caulophylline B, an alkaloid extracted from the roots of Caulophyllum robustum Maxim, affords a low scavenging effect against DPPH radical.

γ-Glutamyl-S-1-propenyl cysteine is a compound obtained from garlic with strong free radical scavenging activity.

Echinacoside is a natural polyphenolic compound with various kinds of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, nitric oxide radical-scavenging and vasodilative ones.

Dimboa (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) is an antifungal compound used in crops.

Antiarol (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol) is a member of aromatic phenols and exhibits moderate DPPH free radical scavenging activity.

1. Nepitrin (Nepetin-7-glucoside) has antioxidant activity in human HL6 cells assessed as reduction of cytochrome-c release, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and inhibition of TPA-induced free radical formation.

1. Bergaptol (4-Hydroxybergapten) shows very good radical scavenging activity. 2. Bergaptol is a potent inhibitor of debenzylation activity of CYP3A4 enzyme.

3-Isomangostin is a potent human aldose reductase inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.48 uM; it is also an acetylcholinesterase selective inhibitor. 3-Isomangostin has free radical scavenging activity; it shows antiplasmodial activity with IC50 values in the rang

Cimifugin (Cimitin) inhibits NO production induced by lipopolysaccharide in macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 and for 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging activity in cell-free bioassay system.

Aspulvinone O is a fungal metabolite that has been found in P. variotti and has antioxidant and anticancer activities.1,2 It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 11.6 μM).1 Aspulvinone O inhibits aspartate transaminase 1 (GOT1; Kd = 3.32 μM) and is cytotoxic to PANC-1, AsPC-1, and SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 20.54-26.8 μM).2 It reduces the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and induces apoptosis in SW1990 cells. Aspulvinone O (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reduces tumor growth in an SW1990 mouse xenograft model. |1. Zhang, P., Li, X.-M., Wang, J.-N., et al. New butenolide derivatives from the marine-derived fungus Paecilomyces variotii with DPPH radical scavenging activity. Phytochem. Lett. 11, 85-88 (2015).|2. Sun, W., Luan, S., Qi, C., et al. Aspulvinone O, a natural inhibitor of GOT1 suppresses pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells growth by interfering glutamine metabolism. Cell Commun. Signal. 17(1), 111 (2019).

Methyl brevifolincarboxylate (Brevifolincarboxylic acid methyl ester) is a potent influenza virus PB2 cap-binding inhibitor, exhibiting inhibitory activity against influenza virus A Puerto Rico 8 34 (H1N1) and A Aichi 2 68 (H3N2) with IC50s of 27.16 μM and 33.41 μM, respectively, and possessing anti-oxidant activity[1][2].