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α-Vitamin E is a naturally occurring form of vitamin E with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. α-Vitamin E can be used in research on oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, membrane damage, and inflammation-related diseases.

Tempo (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidinooxy) has a wide range of applications including use as a free radical scavenger, a reagent in organic synthesis and as a structural probe in electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate) is a antioxidant potentially used to treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Dihydrolipoic acid (USAF XR-12), a dithiol-containing carboxylic acid, acts as a general antioxidant that is highly reactive against a variety of reactive oxygen species, including peroxynitirite, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite, at concentrations ranging from 0.01-0.5 mM.

5-Hydroxyoxindole has been identified as a urinary metabolite of indole, which is produced from tryptophane via the tryptophanase activity of gut bacteria [1]. 5-Hydroxyoxindole has lipid peroxidation inhibition activity and free radical DPPH scavenging

2-Hydroxybenzylamine, a potent small molecule scavenger of IsoLGs, sequesters the reactive species as inert adducts. 2-Hydroxybenzylamine may be used to decrease early recurrence of atrial fibrillation and other atrial arrhythmias following atrial fibrillation ablation by decreasing IsoLG adducts with native biomolecules.

1. Loganic acid (Loganate) and geniposide exhibit both sides effect on superoxide generation.

15-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor 1 is a selective inhibitor of 15-lipoxygenase, with an IC50 of 18 μM. 4-MMPB (15-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor 1) has IC50s of 19.5 μM and 19.1 μM for soybean 15-lipoxygenase (SLO) and human 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1), respectively. 4-MMPB has potential for the research of prostate cancer.

Norbergenin is a chemical compound. It is the O-demethylated derivative of bergenin. It can be isolated from rhizomes of Bergenia stracheyi.

Pelargonidin chloride shows protective effect against CTN-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and up-regulated the activity of detoxification enzyme levels through Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside is an Nrf2 activator conferring protection against Cisplatin-induced toxicity. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside is a flavonoid and a free radical scavenger with antioxidant activity in pistachio skin.

Ombuoside (Ombuin-3beta-rutinoside) has antifungal activity. Ombuoside shows significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH, and TEAC, reducing power assays.Ombuoside is a glycoside ombuoside isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.

3-demethylcolchicine is a natural product isolated from Gloriosa superba.Inhibitory effect on the polymerization of purified bovine brain tubulin.

Polyporusterone B ((1R,2R,4S,5R,7R,11R,14S,15R)-14-[(2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-4,5,11-trihydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.02,?.011,1?]heptadec-9-en-8-one) is a triterpene carboxylic acid isolated from Polyporus umbellatus Fries known as pentahydroxy bile acids, alcohols, and derivatives. Polyporusterone B Polyporusterone B has an inhibitory effect on free radical-induced lysis of red blood cells (hemolysis).

Edaravone (MCI-186) is a potent new free radical scavenger used for the therapy of patients with acute brain infarction.

AFMK (Formyl-N-acetyl-5-methoxykynurenamine) is a natural product and an apoptosis modulator with antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. This compound enhances the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in PANC-1 cells and attenuates X-ray-induced oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids.

Sodium 4-aminosalicylate dihydrate (4-Amino-salicylic acid sodium salt) is the sodium salt form of aminosalicylic acid, an analog of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) with antitubercular activity. Sodium 4-aminosalicylate dihydrate exerts its bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by competing with PABA for enzymes involved in folate synthesis, thereby suppressing growth and reproduction of M. tuberculosis, eventually leading to cell death.

Mequinol (Leucobasal) is a synthetic derivate of hydroquinone and depigmenting agent. Although the exact mechanism of the depigmenting effects of mequinol remains unclear, it may exert its effect by oxidation of tyrosinase to cytotoxic products in melanocytes.

Protocatechuic acid (3, 4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid) (3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) is a natural phenolic compound found in many edible and medicinal plants. Recent studies indicate that it could be used as a protective agent against cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. The mechanism of its action is mostly associated with antioxidant activity, including inhibition of generation as well as scavenging of free radicals and up-regulating enzymes which participate in their neutralization.

Rebamipide (OPC12759) is a quinolinone derivative with anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities. Rebamipide induces cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) synthesis which results in an increase in endogenous prostaglandin synthesis in the gastric mucosa. This agent also inhibits H. pylori-induced production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and subsequent inflammation of the gastric mucosa. In addition, rebamipide scavenges oxygen-derived free radicals that potentially cause mucosal injury, and stimulates prostaglandin EP4 receptor gene expression followed by mucous secretion, thereby enhancing the gastric mucosal defense.

Pyrocatechol, often known as catechol or benzene-1,2-diol, is a benzenediol, Pyrocatechol was produced at a large scale industrially, mainly as precursors to pesticides, flavors, and fragrances. Its sulfonic acid is often present in the urine of many mammals.

Maclurin (NSC-83240) is a phenolic component of mulberry twigs, exerts anti-metastatic effects. Maclurin effectively protects against OH-induced damages to DNA and MSCs and can be used in studies about the prevention of many diseases or MSCs transplantation.

Dimboa (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) is an antifungal compound used in crops.

1. Aloenin (Aloenin A) and aloe-emodin are active principles for inhibition of c-ADH and c-ALDH activities in vitro.