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L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt monohydrate (MSG monohydrate) is an important food additive with gastrointestinal protective effects. It plays a critical role in nutrient metabolism, energy demand, immune response, oxidative stress, signal transduction, and synaptic transmission. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt monohydrate can induce oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis in mouse liver and brain tissues. It can protect against gastrointestinal damage caused by NSAIDs and Helicobacter pylori through multiple mechanisms.

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt (MSG) (Monosodium glutamate) is an activator of mGlu1 receptor.

MSG606 TFA, a potent antagonist of the human MC1 receptor (IC50 = 17 nM), functions as a partial agonist at the human MC3 and MC5 receptors (EC50 values of 59 and 1300 nM, respectively). It demonstrates binding affinity for A375 melanoma cells in vitro and selectively reverses induced hyperalgesia in female mice without affecting male mice.

Canagliflozin (JNJ 28431754AAA) is a selective SGLT2 inhibitor that inhibits CHO cells expressing mSGLT2, rSGLT2, and hSGLT2 (IC50=2/3.7/4.4 nM). Canagliflozin can be used for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Lotilaner is a parasiticide. It is used as a potent non-competitive antagonist of insects GABACl receptors (IC50 of 23.84 nM for Drosophila melanogaster GABA receptor). It also has no effect on a dog GABAA receptor.

Canagliflozin hemihydrate (TA 7284) is a drug of the gliflozin class or subtype 2 sodium-glucose transport inhibitors used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. SGLT2 is responsible for at least 90% of renal glucose reabsorption (SGLT1 being responsible for the remaining 10%). Blocking this transporter causes up to 119 grams of blood glucose per day to be eliminated through the urine, corresponding to 476 kilocalories.

Trypsin/Lys-C complex protease (MS grade) combines two recombinant proteases, Trypsin and Lys-C, to efficiently hydrolyze peptide bonds. Trypsin specifically cleaves at the C-terminal of arginine (R) and lysine (K), while Lys-C targets the C-terminal of lysine (K). This combination overcomes issues of missed cleavages due to Trypsin's slower digestion at lysine and arginine, PTM alterations on lysine, or hydrophobic C-termini like proline. It is suitable for digesting complex protein samples that are difficult to process enzymatically. This protease is used for protein characterization, single-cell omics, and large-cohort proteomics studies.