mefs

Deferoxamine Mesylate (DFOM) is an iron chelator and ferroptosis inhibitor. Deferoxamine Mesylate binds free iron into a stable complex and reduces iron accumulation. Deferoxamine Mesylate up-regulates HIF-1α levels and induces apoptosis.

QX77 is a chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) activator.

MASM7 also known as MASM7, is a compound used as a molecular structural unit. It is a mitochondrial fusion protein activator that enables mitochondrial fusion via mitochondrial fusion proteins.

Astin C (Asterin), a naturally occurring cyclic peptide that can be extracted from Aster tataricus, specifically blocks IRF3 recruitment at the STING signalosome inhibiting cGAS-STING signaling and innate inflammatory responses triggered by cytoplasmic dna, resulting in mice that are more susceptible to HSV-1 infection and significantly attenuating autoinflammatory responses.

RepSox (ALK5 Inhibitor II) is a TGFβR-1/ALK5 inhibitor that selectively inhibits the binding of ATP to ALK5 and the autophosphorylation of ALK5 (IC50=23/4 nM). RepSox induces adipogenesis in MEFs cells.

BIX-01294 trihydrochloride is an inhibitor of G9a histone methyltransferase.In a cell-free assay, the IC50=2.7 μM for G9a histone methyltransferase.

RG108 (N-Phthalyl-L-tryptophan) is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor with an IC50 of 115 nM.

GSK321 is a selective and potent mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) inhibitor that inhibits lipid synthesis and blocks cell proliferation in OPA1-deficient MEFs and prevents cytoplasmic glutamine reductive carboxylation.GSK321 has been used in the study of leukemia.

C6 urea ceramide is an inhibitor of neutral ceramidase.1 It increases total ceramide levels in wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and in HT-29 colon cancer cells but not in MEFs lacking neutral ceramidase. It inhibits proliferation of, and induces apoptosis and autophagy in HT-29, but not non-cancerous RIE-1, cells when used at concentrations of 5 and 10 μM. C6 urea ceramide decreases total β-catenin, increases phosphorylated β-catenin, and induces colocalization of β-catenin with the 20S proteasome in HT-29 and HCT116, but not RIE-1, cells. It reduces tumor growth and increases C16, C18, C20, and C24 ceramide levels in tumor tissue in an HT-29 mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg for five days. |1. García-Barros, M., Coant, N., Kawamori, T., et al. Role of neutral ceramidase in colon cancer. FASEB J. 30(12), 4159-4171 (2016).

Dynamin-related GTPase DRP1 partial inhibitor (IC50 = 1.2 μM). Selective for DRP1 over other dynamin-related GTPases, OPA1 and DYN1. Increases mitochondrial DNA levels in mfn1- knockout MEFs deficient in mitochondrial fusion. Mallat et al (2018) Discovery and characterization of selective small molecule inhibitors of the mammalian mitochondrial division dynamin, DRP1. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 499 556 PMID:29601815

1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HpETE-sn-glycero-3-PE is a phospholipid with stearic acid at the sn-1 position and 15(S)-HpETE at the sn-2 position, produced by oxidation of 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO). At concentrations of 0.6 and 0.9 μM, it increases ferroptotic cell death in wild-type and Acsl4 knockout Pfa1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) treated with the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3.

C22 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/22:0) is a very long-chain atypical ceramide containing a 1-deoxysphinganine backbone. 1-Deoxysphingolipids are formed when serine palmitoyltransferase condenses palmitoyl-CoA with alanine instead of serine during sphingolipid synthesis.1,2 C22 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/22:0) has been found in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) following application of 1-deoxysphinganine alkyne or 1-deoxysphinganine-d3.3 It has also been found as the most prevalent dihydro deoxyceramide species in mouse brain, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve at one, three, and six months of age.4 |1. Steiner, R., Saied, E.M., Othman, A., et al. Elucidating the chemical structure of native 1-deoxysphingosine. J. Lipid Res. 57(7), 1194-1203 (2016).|2. Alecu, I., Othman, A., Penno, A., et al. Cytotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids are metabolized by a cytochrome P450-dependent pathway. J. Lipid Res. 58(1), 60-71 (2017).|3. Alecu, I., Tedeschi, A., Behler, N., et al. Localization of 1-deoxysphingolipids to mitochondria induces mitochondrial dysfunction. J. Lipid. Res. 58(1), 42-59 (2017).|4. Schwartz, N.U., Mileva, I., Gurevich, M., et al. Quantifying 1-deoxydihydroceramides and 1-deoxyceramides in mouse nervous system tissue. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 141, 40-48 (2019).

C24 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:0) is a very long-chain atypical ceramide containing a 1-deoxysphinganine backbone. 1-Deoxysphingolipids are formed when serine palmitoyltransferase condenses palmitoyl-CoA with alanine instead of serine during sphingolipid synthesis.1,2 C24 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:0) has been found in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) following application of 1-deoxysphinganine alkyne or 1-deoxysphinganine-d3.3 It has also been found in mouse brain, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve at one, three, and six months of age.4 |1. Steiner, R., Saied, E.M., Othman, A., et al. Elucidating the chemical structure of native 1-deoxysphingosine. J. Lipid Res. 57(7), 1194-1203 (2016).|2. Alecu, I., Othman, A., Penno, A., et al. Cytotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids are metabolized by a cytochrome P450-dependent pathway. J. Lipid Res. 58(1), 60-71 (2017).|3. Alecu, I., Tedeschi, A., Behler, N., et al. Localization of 1-deoxysphingolipids to mitochondria induces mitochondrial dysfunction. J. Lipid. Res. 58(1), 42-59 (2017).|4. Schwartz, N.U., Mileva, I., Gurevich, M., et al. Quantifying 1-deoxydihydroceramides and 1-deoxyceramides in mouse nervous system tissue. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 141, 40-48 (2019).

UC-857993, a selective SOS1-Ras inhibitor (Kd=14.7 μM, His6-SOS1cat), effectively suppresses catalytic activity. In addition to inhibiting ERK and Ras activation, it also hampers the growth of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs).

Kras4B G12D-IN-1 is an anticancer agent that functions as an inhibitor of the Kras4B G12D protein. It effectively reduces the expression of Kras protein in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) harboring the Kras4B G12D mutation[1].

CYT296 is a chromatin de-condensation agent that enhances the efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation mediated by defined factors (OSKM) and promotes an open chromatin state in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast (MEFs), aiding in somatic cell reprogramming. This compound has potential applications in cell replacement therapies and drug screening research [1].

TAT-SAMβA, an RNAENFDRF (SAMβA) peptide conjugated to the TAT 47–57 protein-derived cell-penetrating peptide, acts as a selective antagonist of the Mfn1-βIIPKC association. It has been shown to protect mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) from cytotoxicity induced by oxidative stress [1].