chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the biosynthesis of bacterial proteins. Chloramphenicol acts primarily on the 50S subunit of the bacterial 70S ribosome and is active against peptidyltransferases, inhibiting the formation of peptide bonds.

Chloramphenicol succinate sodium is broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity.

Chloramphenicol acetate, an acetylated and inactive derivative of chloramphenicol, is synthesized in E. coli and S. aureus through the action of the inducible enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, utilizing acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), to impart resistance to chloramphenicol. This compound exhibits no antibiotic activity against S. sonnei in turbidimetric assays.

Levomecol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from Streptomyces venezuelae, comprises Chloramphenicol and Methyluracil. It exerts its bacteriostatic effect by binding to the bacterial ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis by blocking peptidyl transferase.

Corynecin IV is a metabolite similar to chloramphenicol, originally isolated from corynebacteria.