anti-septic

Hexylresorcinol (4-Hexylresorcinol) is a substituted dihydroxybenzene utilized topically as an antiseptic for minor skin infection treatment.

2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (Gentisaldehyde) has antioxidant activity against Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde also inhibits S. aureus strains(MIC50: 500 mg L).

SIRT5 inhibitor 7 (compound 58), a substrate-competitive and selective SIRT5 inhibitor with IC 50 = 310 nM, significantly attenuated renal dysfunction and pathological damage in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and cecum ligation perforation (CLP)-induced septic AKI mice, and modulated proteinsuccinimidylation and proinflammatory cytokine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in the kidneys of acute kidney injury (AKI) mice.

Terlipressin Acetate, a highly selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist, on oxygen and glucose deprivation re-oxygenation (OGD R)-induced damage in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6).Terlipressin acetate exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Terlipressin acetate has the potential for hepatorenal syndrome and norepinephrine-resistant septic shock research.

TNF-α IL-1β-IN-1 (compound 11a) is an anti-inflammatory agent that effectively reduces the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, inhibits oxidative stress and myocardial cell apoptosis, and demonstrates significant activity against septic myocardial injury. Additionally, it improves myocardial blood flow in vivo.

BPD is a COX-2 and TAK1-NF-κB inhibitor with an IC50 of 18.5 μM for COX-2. It suppresses the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β at the transcriptional level. BPD possesses anti-inflammatory properties and can inhibit carrageenan-induced paw edema as well as LPS-induced septic death.

HMGB1-IN-2 (compound 15) is a selective inhibitor of the highly conserved nuclear protein HMGB1, showing no inhibitory effect at an IC50 of 20.2 μM in RAW264.7 cells. At 30 μM, it reduces IL-1β, TNF-α, and caspase-1 p20 levels, inhibits NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, and provides anti-apoptotic effects. In vivo, 15 mg kg of HMGB1-IN-2 administered intraperitoneally alleviates kidney injury in a mouse model of septic acute kidney injury. Additionally, it inhibits Huh7 and A549 cells with IC50 values of 77.0 μM and 82.0 μM, respectively [1].

Ginsenoside Rg4 is a natural product

Emodin 6-O-β-D-glucoside (Glucoemodin) can protect barrier integrity and inhibit HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses, which suggests a potential use as a therapy for sepsis or septic shock. Emodin 6-O-beta-D-glucoside has anti-inflammatory activities and also may have significant therapeutic benefits against diabetic complications and atherosclerosis.