anthocyanin

Keracyanin chloride (Cyanidin 3-rutinoside chloride), an anthocyanin compound, exhibits antioxidant properties and effectively prevents the formation of malonaldehyde in oxidized calf thymus DNA, underlining its potential in reducing oxidative damage.

3-O-Methylgallic acid (3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid) reduces cell proliferation in Caco-2 cells (IC50 = 24.1 μM) more effectively than anthocyanins and may offer protection against colon cancer after its formation in the gut. It inhibits transcription factors NF-κB, AP-1, STAT-1, and OCT-1, which are known to be activated in colorectal cancer.

Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (Oenin chloride) has antioxidant activity, alone is not oxidized in the presence of grape polyphenol oxidase. Malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride's color stabilization at a higher pH can be explained by self-aggregation of the flavylium cation and copigmentation with the Z-chalcone form.

Enocyanin, an anthocyanin extracted from grapes, exhibits inhibitory effects on leucine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and esterase activity.

Delphanin, also known as Nasunin, is an anthocyanin isolated as purple colored crystals from eggplant peels.

Dracorhodin, the primary constituent found in the sanguis draconis extract, is a flavylium compound classified within the anthocyanin family. Notably, dracorhodin possesses the ability to elicit vasodilation.

Petunidin 3-rutinoside, a natural product extractable from Sambucus canadensis [1], is an anthocyanin pigment with potential health benefits.

Petanin (chloride) is a p-coumaroyl anthocyanin extracted from the tuber epidermis of the colored potato variety Solanum tuberosum L. cv 'Jayoung' [1].

Pelargonidin 3-galactoside chloride, a predominant anthocyanin, exhibits anticancer properties and inhibits α-glucosidase [1].

Cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside, the predominant anthocyanin in purple-fleshed sweet potato, influences the tuber's antioxidant activity [1].

Cyanidin 3-sambubioside chloride (Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside chloride) is a plant-derived anthocyanin, an inhibitor of NO and H274Y mutations, and an inhibitor of influenza neuraminidase.Cyanidin 3- sambubioside chloride has anti-inflammatory properties. sambubioside chloride has antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antiviral activities and inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, which can be used in the study of viral infections and cardiovascular diseases.

Cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride has antioxidant activity. Cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside inhibits hyperbaric pressure-induced GLAST decrease and can be used in glaucoma studies. Cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride is easily degraded by hydrolysis and or

Dp3-Sam chloride (Delphinidin-3-sambubioside chloride) is an anthocyanin from Hibiscus acetosella (Cranberry Hibiscus) with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.Dp3-Sam chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammation, and inhibits LPS-induced inflammation. Dp3-Sam chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory factor release, down-regulates the NF-κB pathway, and inhibits MEK1 2-ERK1 2 signaling.Dp3-Sam chloride induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells through the mitochondrial pathway mediated by reactive oxygen species.

Malvidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride is an anthocyanin that can be isolated from Desmodium sandwicense and has potential antioxidant activity for the study of inflammatory diseases and glaucoma.

Peonidin 3,5-diglucoside (Peonidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride) is an anthocyanin that can be isolated from the flowers of C. terminalis and has potential antioxidant activity for use in studies of asthma.

Peonidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Peonidin 3-Glucoside Chloride) is an anthocyanin with radical scavenger activity and can be used in studies about acting as an insulin secretagogue.

Petunidin-3-O-galactoside chloride is an antioxidant anthocyanin derived from blueberries.

Cyanidin 3-arabinoside (Cyanidin 3-monoarabinoside) is an anthocyanin extracted from blueberries that is a selective protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitor, with potential anticancer activity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes.

Cyanidin 3-(6 -malonylglucoside) (Cyanidin-3-O-(6''-malonylglucoside)) is an anthocyanin isolated from Garnet Stem Dandelion.

Delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride is an anthocyanin isolated from Punica granatum with antidiabetic and antitumor effects.

Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride has anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects. Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside (D3G) is a water-soluble anthocyanin with antioxidant activity. D3G is capable of masking the EGCG-induced cytotoxicity and ER stress, presumably

Peonidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride (Compound XII) is an anthocyanin isolated from cranberry fruit. It is an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase and a dietary supplement used for studying obesity.

Cyanidin 3-xyloside, an anthocyanin, is extractable from the hulls of purple sunflower [1].

Cyanidin 3-(6′′-malonylglucoside) (Compound 3), an anthocyanin, is isolated from the bulbs of Allium cepa L, commonly known as red onion [1].