50s ribosome

Azithromycin hydrate (CP-62993 dihydrate) is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.

Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the biosynthesis of bacterial proteins. Chloramphenicol acts primarily on the 50S subunit of the bacterial 70S ribosome and is active against peptidyltransferases, inhibiting the formation of peptide bonds.

Capsaicin ((E)-Capsaicin) is a natural product extracted from Capsicum annuum, and is a TRPV1 agonist (EC50=0.29 μM). Capsaicin has antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.

Rutin hydrate (Sophorin), a kind of glycoside, widely exists in many plants including citrus fruit.

Isopropyl myristate (IPM) is an ester formed from isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.

Dibutyl sebacate (Dibutyl decanedioate) is an organic compound primarily used as a plasticizer in plastic production.

18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (Enoxolone) is the major bioactive component of Glycyrrhizae Radix and possesses anti-ulcerative, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties.

Linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid) is a naturally occurring polyunsaturated fatty acid found in animal and vegetable oils. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid that is part of membrane phospholipids.

Raspberry ketone glucoside, a natural compound found in raspberry fruit, exhibits prolonged inhibition of melanogenesis and various melanogenic factors following its degradation in the skin.

syringaldehyde is a polyphenolic compound belonging to the group of flavonoids and is found in different plant species like Manihot esculenta and Magnolia officinalis. Syringaldehyde moderately inhibits COX-2 activity with an IC50 of 3.5 μg mL. Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) is a ω-3 fatty acid abundantly available in marine organisms.

Safranal is the special volatile aroma compound of saffron

DeoxyArbutin(IC50=50 nM) inhibits tyrosinase activity reversibly.

1. Berberine (Umbellatine) is a potent oral hypoglycemic agent with beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. 2. Berberine may as a broad-spectrum anti-microbial medicine, a complementary therapeutic agent for HIV AIDS. 3. Berberine seems to act as an herbal antidepressant and a neuroprotector against neurodegenerative disorders. 4. Berberine is used in histology for staining heparin in mast cells. As a natural dye, berberine has a colour index of 7516. 5. Berberine reduces hepatic fat content in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; also prevents proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are central for the development of fibrosis during liver injury. 6. Berberine can ameliorate proinflammatory cytokines-induced intestinal epithelial tight junction damage in vitro, and berberine may be one of the targeted therapeutic agents that can restore barrier function in intestinal disease states. 7. Berberine has antineoplastic effects, including breast cancer, leukemia, melanoma, epidermoid carcinoma, hepatoma, pancreatic cancer, oral carcinoma, tongue carcinoma, glioblastoma, prostate carcinoma and gastric carcinoma, etc.

(1R)-α-Pinene ((+)-alpha-Pinene) is a volatile substance from plants with antimicrobial activity and anthelmintic activity that reduces the growth of Bacillus cereus populations.

Emodin (Frangula emodin) is a naturally occurring anthraquinone present in the roots and barks of numerous plants; exerts antiproliferative effects in Y cells that are regulated by different signaling pathways.

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can be used to dissolve gallstones and reduce cholesterol absorption.

Cinnamic acid (β-Phenylacrylic acid) has potential use in cancer intervention,The concentration causing a 50% reduction of cell proliferation (IC50) ranged from 1 to 4.5 mM in glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate and lung carcinoma cells.

Coniferaldehyde (Ferulaldehyde) is a member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3. It has a role as an antifungal agent and a plant metabolite. It is a member of cinnamaldehydes, a phenylpropanoid and a member of guaiacols. It derives from a cinnamaldehyde.

Niacinamide is an important compound functioning as a component of the coenzyme NAD. Its primary significance is in the prevention and or cure of blacktongue and PELLAGRA. Most animals cannot manufacture this compound in amounts sufficient to prevent nutr

Punicalagin is a major ellagitannin found in pomegranates that is reported to produce antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. It has been shown to prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity-associated accumulation of cardiac triglyceride and ch

Chlorin E6 (CE6) is a second-generation photosensitizer with antitumor activity when used in combination with irradiation. In a mouse model of implanted fibrosarcoma, Chlorin E6 (2.5-10 mg kg, i.v., 50-200 J cm2 irradiation) resulted in complete tumor disappearance after varying degrees of irradiation. Agents including Chlorin E6 were tested in a Phase I clinical study in patients with early superficial squamous cell carcinoma of bronchial origin with favorable results (40 mg m2, IV, 100 J cm2 laser irradiation). In a Phase II clinical trial in patients with early stage lung cancer, the same mode of administration resulted in a complete response in 82.9% of patients. Chlorin E6 has been investigated as a nanotechnology drug delivery tool.

Bongkrekic acid (Bongkrekic Acid (ammonium salt)) is a mitochondrial toxin secreted by Burkholderia gladioli that inhibits adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT).Bongkrekic acid Bongkrekic acid Bongkrekic acid induces extracellular traps in neutrophils through signaling mediated by p38, ERK, PAD4, and P2X1.

Neoandrographolide (Neoandrographiside) has potent hypolipidemic effect and protects the cardiovascular without significant liver damage.Neoandrographolide has anti-inflammatory effect, might result from inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression through inhibiting p38 MAPKs activation.Neoandrographolide as chemosensitizer in S-Jurkat and X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)-overexpressing Jurkat cells, a model for chemoresistance.