y-16

(Rac)-WAY-161503 is a selective and high-affinity agonist of the 5-HT2C receptor [Ki: 4 nM; EC50: 12 nM], exhibiting anti-obesity and antidepressant effects.

WAY-169916 is a pathway-selective inhibitor of estrogen receptor (ER), inhibiting NF-kB transcriptional activity while being devoid of conventional estrogenic activity.

11-Deoxy-16,16-dimethyl Prostaglandin E2 (11-deoxy-16,16-dimethyl PGE2) is a stable synthetic analog of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), acting as an agonist for both EP2 and EP3 receptors. It effectively inhibits gastric acid secretion and ulcer formation in rats, with ED50 values of 1 mg/kg and 0.021 mg/kg, respectively. This compound is also 900 times more potent than Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in inducing contraction of human respiratory tract smooth muscle in vitro.

The compound is a mechanism-based inhibitor of cytochrome P450 ω-hydroxylase.

15,16-Dihydro-15-methoxy-16-oxohardwickiic acid is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN2629 and the CAS number is 115783-35-2.

11,15-Dihydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid is a natural product

15-Methoxy-16-oxo-15,16H-strictic acid is a natural product of Pulicaria, Asteraceae. The catalog number is TN6526 and the CAS number is 1356388-38-9. 15-Methoxy-16-oxo-15,16H-strictic acid can be used as a reference standard.

10-Hydroxy-16-epiaffinine, a natural product of Rauvolfia (Apocynaceae), has the catalog number TN6039 and the CAS number 82513-70-0. It can be used as a reference standard.

15-Hydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T131456.

MHY-1685 is a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor and a senescence inhibitor that can rejuvenate senile hCSCs by modulating autophagy.

AY-16804 is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation.

Y16 is a G protein-coupled Rho GEFs inhibitor that synergizes with Rhosin G04 to inhibit LARG-RhoA interaction, RhoA activation, and RhoA-mediated signaling. Y16 is also a specific inhibitor of LARG with a Kd of 76 nM.

740 Y-P acetate (740YPDGFR acetate) is a potent and cell-permeable PI3K activator.740 Y-P acetate tends to bind to GST fusion proteins containing the N- and C-terminal SH2 structural domains of p85, but not to GST alone.

Boscalid is a broad-spectrum carboxamide fungicide that inhibits fungal respiration by binding to the ubiquinone site of mitochondrial complex II succinate dehydrogenase.1It suppresses mycelial growth ofS. minorby 87 to 100% and ofS. sclerotiorumby 77 to 100% when used at a concentration of 1 μg ml.2In field studies, boscalid applied at 5.6 μg cm2provides 55.5 and 30.4% disease control for lettuce drop caused byS. minorandS. sclerotiorum, respectively. It decreases cell viability of mouse primary cortical neurons following long-term exposure but is not cytotoxic (LC50= >100 μM for acute and continuous exposure). Formulations containing boscalid have been used in agriculture to prevent fungal growth on crops. 1.Wang, Y., Duan, Y., Wang, J., et al.A new point mutation in the iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase confers resistance to boscalid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorumMol. Plant Pathol.16(7)653-661(2015) 2.Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M.Activity of boscalid, fenhexamid, fluazinam, fludioxonil, and vinclozolin on growth of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum and development of lettuce dropPlant Dis.88(6)665-668(2004)

740 Y-P(TFA) (740YPDGFR(TFA)) is a potent and cell-permeable activator of PI3K.

Y16 acetate(429653-73-6 free base) is a G-protein–coupled Rho GEFs inhibitor; works synergistically with Rhosin G04 in inhibiting LARG-RhoA interaction, RhoA activation, and RhoA-mediated signaling functions.

XMD16-5 is a TNK2 inhibitor. TNK2 genomic amplification has been associated with late-stage or metastatic lung and prostate Ys. Overexpression of TNK2 promoted metastasis in a mouse model of breast Y. TNK2 signaling is disrupted in breast, prostate and ga

6-Chloro-2-fluoropurine is a heterocyclic building block.1,2It has been used in the synthesis of purine nucleosides that inhibit cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)in vitro.16-Chloro-2-fluoropurine has also been used in the synthesis of purine nucleosides that are active against HIV-1 and hepatitis B virus (HBV)in vitro.2 1.Wilson, S.C., Atrash, B., Barlow, C., et al.Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-pyridylmethylaminopurines as CDK inhibitorsBioorg. Med. Chem.19(22)6949-6965(2011) 2.Lee, K., Choi, Y., Gullen, E., et al.Synthesis and anti-HIV and anti-HBV activities of 2'-fluoro-2',3'-unsaturated L-nucleosidesJ. Med. Chem.42(7)1320-1328(1999)

Galanin (1-16), mouse, porcine, rat, is a hippocampal galanin receptor agonist (Kd = 3 nM) exhibiting high biological activity on locus coeruleus neurons.

Desmethyl ranolazine is a metabolite of the antianginal agent ranolazine .1It is formed from ranolazine by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP3A. 1.Wang, Y., Chen, X., Sun, Z., et al.Development and validation of a sensitive LC-MS/MS assay for simultaneous quantitation of ranolazine and its three metabolites in human plasmaJ. Chromatogr. B889-89010-16(2012)

Zonisamide-13C2,15N is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of zonisamide by GC- or LC-MS. Zonisamide is an antiepileptic agent.1 It selectively inhibits the repeated firing of sodium channels (IC50 = 2 μg/ml) in mouse embryo spinal cord neurons and inhibits spontaneous channel firing when used at concentrations greater than 10 μg/ml.2 In rat cerebral cortex neurons, zonisamide (1-1,000 μM) inhibits T-type calcium channels with a maximum reduction of 60% of the calcium current.3 Zonisamide inhibits H. pylori recombinant carbonic anhydrase (CA) and the human CA isoforms I, II, and V with Ki values of 218, 56, 35, and 21 nM, respectively.4,5 In mice, it has anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and pentylenetetrazole-induced maximal, but not minimal, seizures (ED50s = 19.6, 9.3, and >500 mg/kg, respectively). Zonisamide (40 mg/kg, p.o.) prevents MPTP-induced decreases in the levels of dopamine , but not homovanillic acid or dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid , and increases MPTP-induced decreases in the dopamine turnover rate in mouse striatum in a model of Parkinson's disease.6 Formulations containing zonisamide have been used in the treatment of partial seizures in adults with epilepsy. |1. Masuda, Y., Ishizaki, M., and Shimizu, M. Zonisamide: Pharmacology and clinical efficacy in epilepsy. CNS Drug Rev. 4(4), 341-360 (1998).|2. Rock, D.M., Macdonald, R.L., and Taylor, C.P. Blockade of sustained repetitive action potentials in cultured spinal cord neurons by zonisamide (AD 810, CI 912), a novel anticonvulsant. Epilepsy Res. 3(2), 138-143 (1989).|3. Suzuki, S., Kawakami, K., Nishimura, S., et al. Zonisamide blocks T-type calcium channel in cultured neurons of rat cerebral cortex. Epilepsy Res. 12(1), 21-27 (1992).|4. Nishimori, I., Vullo, D., Minakuchi, T., et al. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Cloning and sulfonamide inhibition studies of a carboxyterminal truncated α-carbonic anhydrase from Helicobacter pylori. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16(8), 2182-2188 (2006).|5. De Simone, G., Di Fiore, A., Menchise, V., et al. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Zonisamide is an effective inhibitor of the cytosolic isozyme II and mitochondrial isozyme V: Solution and X-ray crystallographic studies. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15(9), 2315-2320 (2005).|6. Yabe, H., Choudhury, M.E., Kubo, M., et al. Zonisamide increases dopamine turnover in the striatum of mice and common marmosets treated with MPTP. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 110(1), 64-68 (2009).

Stephacidin B is a fungal metabolite that has been found inA. ochraceus.1Dimeric stephacidin B is rapidly converted to a monomer, avrainvillamide ,in vitro.2Stephacidin B is cytotoxic to a variety of cancer cells, including testosterone-independent PC3 and -sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells (IC50s = 0.37 and 0.06 μM, respectively) and estradiol-independent SK-BR-3 and -sensitive MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50s = 0.32 and 0.27 μM, respectively).1It induces apoptosis in HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells when used at a concentration of 4 μM.3 1.Qian-Cutrone, J., Huang, S., Shu, Y.-Z., et al.Stephacidin A and B: Two structurally novel, selective inhibitors of the testosterone-dependent prostate LNCaP cellsJ. Am. Chem. Soc.124(49)14556-14557(2002) 2.Wulff, J.E., Herzon, S.B., Siegrist, R., et al.Evidence for the rapid conversion of stephacidin B into the electrophilic monomer avrainvillamide in cell cultureJ. Am. Chem. Soc.129(16)4898-4899(2007) 3.Hu, L., Zhang, T., Liu, D., et al.Notoamide-type alkaloid induced apoptosis and autophagy via a P38/JNK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cellsRSC Adv.9(34)19855-19868(2019)

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid-13C contains 13C at the C2 position and has been used in the study of free fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids in soil microbes.1 Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.2 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.3 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.3,4,5,6,7 |1. Dippold, M.A., and Kuzyakov, Y. Direct incorporation of fatty acids into microbial phospholipids in soils: Position-specific labeling tells the story. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 174(1), 211-221 (2016).|2. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|3. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|4. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|5. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|6. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|7. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

β-D-Ribofuranose 1,2,3,4-tetraacetate is a precursor in the synthesis of nucleosides with antiproliferative activity against cancer cells.1,2 1.Furukawa, Y., and Honjo, M.A novel method for the synthesis of purine nucleosides using Friedel-Crafts catalystsChem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo)16(6)1076-1080(1968) 2.Wicke, L., Engels, J.W., Gambari, R., et al.Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of quinolone nucleosides against the human myelogenous leukemia k-562 cell lineArch. Pharm. (Weinheim)346(10)757-765(2013)