o-tyrosine

DL-o-Tyrosine is a metabolite of Phenylalanine and is a precursor in the formation of catecholamines. It is used as biomarkers of protein oxidative damage in β-thalassemia.

Rhoifolin (Apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside) is extracted from Turpinia arguya Seem dried leaves.

Rhein-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(Rhein-8-glucoside calcium (Rhein-8-glucoside calcium salt) salt) shows moderate bioactivity against human Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (hPTP1B) in vitro.

Picropodophyllotoxin (AXL 1717) is a cyclolignan alkaloid found in the mayapple plant family (Podophyllum peltatum), and a small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Picropodophyllotoxin (AXL 1717) specifically inhibits the activity and downregulates the cellular expression of IGF1R without interfering with activities of other growth factor receptors, such as receptors for insulin, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and mast stem cell growth factor (KIT). This agent shows potent activity in the suppression o f tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a critical role in the growth and survival of many types of cancer cells.

1. Prunetin (Prunusetin) significantly reduces serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and mortality in mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide. 2. Prunetin mediates anti-obesity adipogenesis effects by suppressing obesity-related transcription through a feedback mechanism that regulates the expression of adiponectin, adipoR1, adipoR2, and AMPK. 3. Prunetin and biochanin A are potent reducers of NF-κB and ERK activation, zonula occludens 1 tyrosine phosphorylation, and metalloproteinase-mediated shedding activity, which may account for the barrier-improving ability of these isoflavones. 4. Prunetin significantly suppresses ATP-induced mucin secretion from cultured RTSE cells; Prunetin inhibits the production of MUC5AC mucin protein induced by EGF or PMA from NCI-H292 cells; Prunetin also inhibits the expression of MUC5AC mucin gene induced by EGF or PMA from NCI-H292 cells.

Rubrofusarin 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, a glycosidic derivative of Rubrofusarin, functions as an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with an IC50 value of 87.36 μM, and is utilized in research investigating comorbid diabetes and depression [1].

Aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Aloe-emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) exhibits moderate bioactivity against human Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (hPTP1B) in vitro.

Catalpalactone exhibits high antitermitic, and cytotoxic activities, it exhibits potent inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells , with IC50 values of 9.80 microM. Catalpalactone can inhibit dopamine biosynthesis by